-ш
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Bulgarian
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Proto-Slavic *-ьšь (“comparative suffix”). Used to form the comparative degree of adjectives, nowadays formed with the prefix по́- (pó-).
Suffix
[edit]-ш • (-š)
- (dated, unproductive) Forms secondary adjectives with comparative meaning:
- ви́сен (vísen, “elevated”) (obsolete) → висш (visš, “superior”)
- ни́сък (nísǎk, “low”) → нисш (nisš, “inferior”)
- стар (star, “old, mature”) → старш (starš, “senior”)
- млад (mlad, “young, inexperienced”) → младш (mladš, “junior”)
- вели́к (velík, “great”) → велича́йш (veličájš, “majestic, superior”) (poetic)
- благ (blag, “polite”) → блаже́йш (blažéjš, “very noble, honorable”) (poetic)
Usage notes
[edit]Adjectives that had been extended diachronically with a secondary element such as -ен (-en) (from earlier i-stem adjectival declension), -ък (-ǎk) (from earlier u-stem adjectival declension) drop the secondary element when the comparative -ш (-š) is applied.
Derived terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- Duridanov, Iv. (1991) “Степени на сравнение на прилагателни имена”, in Граматика на Старобългарския език[1], Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, page 197
Etymology 2
[edit]From Proto-Slavic *-(v)ъšь, past active participle ending.
Suffix
[edit]-ш • (-š)
- Alternative form of -вш (-vš)