Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/vaikka

This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Finnic

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Proto-Germanic *waikwaz.

Adjective

*vaikka

1. quiet

Declension

Inflection of *vaikka

Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility.
		singular	plural
nominative		*vaikka	*vaik'at
accusative		*vaik'an	*vaik'at
genitive		*vaik'an	*vaikkadën *vaikkoidën
partitive		*vaikkada	*vaikkoida
inessive		*vaik'assa *vaik'ahna	*vaik'oissa *vaik'oihna
elative		*vaik'asta	*vaik'oista
illative		*vaikkahën	*vaikkoihën
adessive		*vaik'alla	*vaik'oilla
ablative		*vaik'alta	*vaik'oilta
allative		*vaikkalën *vaikkalëk	*vaikkoilën *vaikkoilëk
essive		*vaikkana	*vaikkoina
translative		*vaik'aksi	*vaik'oiksi
instructive		*vaik'an	*vaik'oin
comitative		*vaikkanëk	*vaikkoinëk
abessive		*vaik'atta	*vaik'oitta

Descendants

• Estonian: vaik, ⇒ vaikne
• Finnish: ⇒ vaieta, (dialectal) vaiketa
• Ingrian: ⇒ vaiketa
• Karelian: ⇒
  • South Karelian: vaikkane
• Livvi: ⇒ vaikkaine
• Ludian: ⇒ vaikkani
• Veps: ⇒ vaikne
• Võro: ⇒ vaiklik

Further reading

• “vaikne”, in [ETY] Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012

Etymology 2

Probably from or akin to *vai, with +‎ *-ka; perhaps roughly *vai +‎ *-ka; the dialectal Finnish variant vaihka may hint at why this particle has a geminate *-kk-.

Conjunction

*vaikka (Northern Finnic)

1. although, even though, even if

Descendants

• Finnish: vaikka, (dialectal) vaihka
• Ingrian: ⇒ vaikko, vaikka, vaik
  • → Votic: vaikkõ
• Karelian:
  • North Karelian: vaikka (possibly borrowed from Finnish)