Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/wringaną

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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Probably related to Lithuanian rangýti (“to writhe”), pointing to Proto-Indo-European *wrengʰ-. If related to Ancient Greek ῥίμφα (rhímpha, “quickly, fast”), the root is to be reconstructed as *wrengʷʰ-.[1]

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /ˈwriŋ.ɡɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb[edit]

*wringaną[2][3]

  1. to squeeze, twist, wring

Inflection[edit]

Conjugation of *wringaną (strong class 3)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *wringō *wringaų — *wringai ?
2nd singular *wringizi *wringaiz *wring *wringazai *wringaizau
3rd singular *wringidi *wringai *wringadau *wringadai *wringaidau
1st dual *wringōz *wringaiw — — —
2nd dual *wringadiz *wringaidiz *wringadiz — —
1st plural *wringamaz *wringaim — *wringandai *wringaindau
2nd plural *wringid *wringaid *wringid *wringandai *wringaindau
3rd plural *wringandi *wringain *wringandau *wringandai *wringaindau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *wrang *wrungį̄
2nd singular *wranht *wrungīz
3rd singular *wrang *wrungī
1st dual *wrungū *wrungīw
2nd dual *wrungudiz *wrungīdiz
1st plural *wrungum *wrungīm
2nd plural *wrungud *wrungīd
3rd plural *wrungun *wrungīn
present past
participles *wringandz *wrunganaz

Derived terms[edit]

Descendants[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ῥίμφα”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1286
  2. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*wringan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 596
  3. ^ Orel, Vladimir (2003) “*wrenʒanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎[1], Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 472
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