Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/kšatrám

This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Iranian

Etymology

Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *tk-e-tróm, from *tek- (“to obtain”). Equivalent to the root of *kšáyati +‎ *-trám.

Noun

*kšatrám n

1. kingdom, dominion, empire
2. rule, reign

Related terms

• *kšáyati

Descendants

• Proto-Indo-Aryan: *kṣatrám
  • Sanskrit: क्षत्र (kṣatrá) (see there for further descendants)
• Proto-Iranian: *xšaθram
  • Central Iranian
    • Avestan: 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬀 (xšaθra)
  • Northeastern Iranian:
    • Proto-Scythian:
      • Khotanese: [Term?] (/⁠kṣāra⁠/)
      • Proto-Ossetic:
        • Ossetian::
        • Iron Ossetian: ӕхсар (æxsar)
        • Digor Ossetian: ӕхсарӕ (æxsaræ)
  • Southwestern Iranian:
    • Old Persian: 𐎧𐏁𐏂𐎶 (x-š-ç-m /⁠xšaçam⁠/)
  • Northwestern Iranian:
    • Proto-Medo-Parthian:
      • Proto-Komisenian:
        • Sangisari: شر (šar)
      • Parthian: 𐭇𐭔𐭕𐭓 (ḥštr /⁠xšahr⁠/)
        • → Old Armenian: աշխարհ (ašxarh)
          • Armenian: աշխարհ (ašxarh)
        • → Middle Persian: 𐭱𐭲𐭥𐭩 (štʿy /⁠šahr⁠/)
          • Persian: شهر (see there for further descendants)