Reconstruction:Proto-Philippine/nihawa

This Proto-Philippine entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Philippine

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *nihawa, from Proto-Austronesian *NiSawa.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /nihawa/

Noun

*nihawa

1. breath
2. life force

Verb

*nihawa

1. to breathe

Descendants

• Batanic:
  • Ibatan: hinawa
  • Yami: inawan
• Central Luzon:
  • Kapampangan: -ináwa, isnáwa
  • Sambalic:
    • Bolinao: ináwa
    • Botolan Sambal: inawáwen
    • Mag-Anchi Ayta: isnáwa
    • Sambali: inanáwa
• Greater Central Philippine: *gi-nihawa
  • Central Philippine:
    • Bikol:
      • Bikol Central: ginháwa
    • Mansaka–Mandayan:
      • Mansaka: ginawa
    • Tagalog: ginháwa
    • Visayan:
      • Cebu:
        • Cebuano: ginháwa
      • Central:
        • Hiligaynon: ginháwa
        • Romblomanon: ginhāwa
        • Waray-Waray: ginháwa
      • South:
        • Surigaonon: ginhawa
        • Tandaganon: ginhawa
        • Tausug: ginhawa
      • West:
        • Aklanon: ginháwa
        • Caluyanun: gináwa
        • Inonhan: ginháwa
  • Danao:
    • Maranao: ginawa
  • Gorontalo–Mongondow:
    • Mongondow: gina
  • Manobo:
    • Binukid: gahinawa
    • Western Bukidnon Manobo: gehinawa
  • South Mangyan:
    • Hanunoo: ginháwa
• Kalamian:
  • Agutaynen: linawa
• Northern Luzon:
  • Ilocano: gináwa
  • Meso-Cordilleran:
    • Pangasinan: nawá
• Sangiric:
  • Sangir: niawa
• South Mindanao:
  • Tboli: nawa
  • Tiruray: ferenawa
• Umiray Dumaget Agta: innawe

External links

• Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database – to breathe
• Blust's Austronesian Comparative Dictionary – *NiSawa