Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-oga

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *-agāˀ. Cognates include Lithuanian -aga.

Suffix

*-oga f

1. Deverbative, forming abstract nouns.

   Synonyms: *-oba, *-oda

   *matati (“to swing, to lash”) → *matoga (“bustle, commotion”)

   *trьvati (“to evade, to endure”) → *trьvoga (“alert”)

2. Deadjectival, forming attributive nouns.

   *ostrъ (“sharp”) → *ostroga (“fence”)

   *bьrlъ (“messy, deranged”) → *bьrloga (“lair, hollow”)

Synonyms

• *-ogъ m

Declension

Declension of *-oga (hard a-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*-oga	*-odzě	*-ogy
genitive	*-ogy	*-ogu	*-ogъ
dative	*-odzě	*-ogama	*-ogamъ
accusative	*-ogǫ	*-odzě	*-ogy
instrumental	*-ogojǫ, *-ogǫ**	*-ogama	*-ogami
locative	*-odzě	*-ogu	*-ogasъ, *-ogaxъ*
vocative	*-ogo	*-odzě	*-ogy

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
^** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Derived terms

Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-oga

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: -ога (-oga)
    • Old Ruthenian: -ога (-oha)
      • Belarusian: -ога (-óha)
      • Ukrainian: -ога (-oha)
    • Russian: -ога (-oga)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Old Cyrillic script: -ога (-oga)

    Glagolitic script: -ⱁⰳⰰ (-oga)

  • Bulgarian: -ога (-oga)
  • Macedonian: -ога (-oga)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: -ога

    Latin script: -oga

  • Slovene: -oga
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: -oha
    • Czech: -oha
  • Polabian: -ügă
  • Old Polish: -oga
    • Polish: -oga
  • Slovak: -oha
  • Sorbian:
    • Upper Sorbian: -oha
    • Lower Sorbian: -oha