Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-pъ

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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

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Etymology 1

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Nominal suffix of onomatopoeic origin, expressing muffling or resonant nuance to the specified sound. Exhibits parallels in other Indo-European languages, cf. English puff or English flop, however, no common ancestral origin could be established. Most of the derived terms with this ending were later grammaticized.

Suffix

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*-pъ m

  1. From expressive or onomatopoeic interjections, forms onomatopoeic action nouns referring to the respective interjection
    Synonyms: *-skъ, *-kъ
    *tropъ (stamp, step, dot)*tropati (to stamp, to pierce)*xop-trop!
    *xlopъ (knock, clap)*xlopati (to knock)*xlop!
    *tupъ (thump, flop)*tupati (to thump, to plump)*tup-tup!
    *copъ (sound of disturbed water)*copnǫti (to jump into water)*cop!

Etymology 2

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Uncertain. There have been various ad hoc[1][2] attempts to explain concrete derivatives.

Encountered as an extension to roots in parallel to resembling derivatives with other extensions, e.g.:

Possibly inherited from Proto-Indo-European *-pos, cf. Sanskrit वर्पस् (varpas, shape, form). Compare Lithuanian -ópas attested in Lithuanian *antrópas (different), savópas (particular), dvejópas (binary), etc.

Suffix

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*-pъ

  1. Forms adjectives from roots:
    *sverěpъ (wild, cruel)
  2. Forms resultative or object nouns from adjectives or verbs:
    *vьrtъpъ (whirlpool),[1] *vьrtьpъ (cave; garden)*vьrtъ (turn, enclosure)*vьrtěti (to turn, to rotate)
    *kъrľepъ (tick)[2]*kъrľь (stinger)
    *snopъ (bundle, sheaf)[5]*snuti (warp) (possibly)
  3. Forms nouns expressing a state from base nouns or adjectives with the addition of *-(l)u-. Equivalent to *-upъ:
    *skorupa (shell, hull)*skora (bast, skin)
    *gorupъ (bittercress)*gorьkъ (bitter, hot)
Derived terms
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Further reading

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  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1987), “*kъrľь/*kъrľežь/*kъrľepъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 13 (*kroměžirъ – *kyžiti), Moscow: Nauka, page 219

References

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  1. 1.0 1.1 Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “въртоп”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 212: от корена на гл. въртя (vǎrtja) и ИЕ. *upo-s 'вода, река'
  2. 2.0 2.1 Skok, Petar (1972) “krlj”, in Etimologijski rječnik hrvatskoga ili srpskoga jezika [Etymological Dictionary of the Croatian or Serbian Language] (in Serbo-Croatian), volumes 2 (K – poni¹), Zagreb: JAZU, page 204: krljep je, čini se, složenka od krlj i lijepiti
  3. ^ Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1979), “*glupъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 6 (*e – *golva), Moscow: Nauka, page 151: экспрессивное расширение с помощью лабиального элемента -р- усеченной формы от *gluxъ
  4. ^ V. Merkulova (1977) “нецевенье, хорь, сколудина, хмыз, верпеть”, in Русккие этимологии III[1], page 97
  5. ^ Snoj, Marko (2016) “snȍp”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si:Pslovan. *snopъ̏ se je verjetno razvilo iz ... baze *sneh₁-p-... Sorodni ide. bazi *sneu̯-.