Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/golěmъ
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Perhaps a relic present passive participle of Proto-Balto-Slavic *galḗˀtei (“to have capacity”) + *-ěmъ, cognate with Lithuanian galė́ti (“to be able”) (present participle galėjimas). Further akin to Lithuanian galià (“power, might”), gãlimas (“mighty”), possibly Gaulish gallus (“Gaul”).
For the suffix, compare Latin volaemum (“large pear”).
Adjective[edit]
*golěmъ[1]
- (perhaps originally) capable, powerful
- Synonyms: *mogǫťь, *věščь, *sъposobьnъ
- (by extension) big, large, huge (for size)
Declension[edit]
Indefinite declension of *golěmъ (hard)
| singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *golěmъ | *golěma | *golěmo |
| genitive | *golěma | *golěmy | *golěma |
| dative | *golěmu | *golěmě | *golěmu |
| accusative | *golěmъ | *golěmǫ | *golěmo |
| instrumental | *golěmomь | *golěmojǫ | *golěmomь |
| locative | *golěmě | *golěmě | *golěmě |
| vocative | *golěme | *golěmo | *golěmo |
| dual | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *golěma | *golěmě | *golěmě |
| genitive | *golěmu | *golěmu | *golěmu |
| dative | *golěmoma | *golěmama | *golěmoma |
| accusative | *golěma | *golěmě | *golěmě |
| instrumental | *golěmoma | *golěmama | *golěmoma |
| locative | *golěmu | *golěmu | *golěmu |
| vocative | *golěma | *golěmě | *golěmě |
| plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *golěmi | *golěmy | *golěma |
| genitive | *golěmъ | *golěmъ | *golěmъ |
| dative | *golěmomъ | *golěmamъ | *golěmomъ |
| accusative | *golěmy | *golěmy | *golěma |
| instrumental | *golěmy | *golěmami | *golěmy |
| locative | *golěměxъ | *golěmaxъ | *golěměxъ |
| vocative | *golěmi | *golěmy | *golěma |
Definite declension of *golěmъ (hard)
| singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *golěmъjь | *golěmaja | *golěmoje |
| genitive | *golěmajego | *golěmyję̇ | *golěmajego |
| dative | *golěmujemu | *golěměji | *golěmujemu |
| accusative | *golěmъjь | *golěmǫjǫ | *golěmoje |
| instrumental | *golěmyjimь | *golěmǫjǫ | *golěmyjimь |
| locative | *golěmějemь | *golěměji | *golěmějemь |
| vocative | *golěmъjь | *golěmaja | *golěmoje |
| dual | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *golěmaja | *golěměji | *golěměji |
| genitive | *golěmuju | *golěmuju | *golěmuju |
| dative | *golěmyjima | *golěmyjima | *golěmyjima |
| accusative | *golěmaja | *golěměji | *golěměji |
| instrumental | *golěmyjima | *golěmyjima | *golěmyjima |
| locative | *golěmuju | *golěmuju | *golěmuju |
| vocative | *golěmaja | *golěměji | *golěměji |
| plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *golěmiji | *golěmyję̇ | *golěmaja |
| genitive | *golěmъjixъ | *golěmъjixъ | *golěmъjixъ |
| dative | *golěmyjimъ | *golěmyjimъ | *golěmyjimъ |
| accusative | *golěmyję̇ | *golěmyję̇ | *golěmaja |
| instrumental | *golěmyjimi | *golěmyjimi | *golěmyjimi |
| locative | *golěmyjixъ | *golěmyjixъ | *golěmyjixъ |
| vocative | *golěmiji | *golěmyję̇ | *golěmaja |
Derived terms[edit]
- *golěměti (“to be large”), *golěmiti (“to enlarge, to magnify”)
- *golěmina (“size, magnitude”)
- *golěmьcь, *golěmanъ (“powerful person”)
Related terms[edit]
- *golmę (“mickle”)
Descendants[edit]
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading[edit]
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1979), “*golěmъ(jь)”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 6 (*e – *golva), Moscow: Nauka, page 202
- Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “голям”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 262
- “galė́ti”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė [Lithuanian etymological dictionary database], 2007–2012
References[edit]
- ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*golěmъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 174