Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/kïŋrak

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This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

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Etymology

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Usually considered to be from *kïŋra- (to cut crookedly) +‎ *-k, Nişanyan on the other hand compares it with Sogdian 𐼶𐼻𐼲𐽀 (xnɣr, dagger, sword) +‎ *-ak (diminutive suffix)[1] and suggests a borrowing.[2] According to Hirth, it is the oldest written Turkic word, possibly attested as Old Chinese 徑路 (*king-lak, the ceremonial sword of the Xiongnu) in Ts'ien Han Shu (47 BCE).[3]

Noun

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*kïŋrak

  1. broad-faced curved knife or sword
    Hypernym: *kïlï̄č (sword)

Declension

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Descendants

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  • Proto-Mongolic: *kïŋgar[4]
  • Karluk:
    • Karakhanid: قنكراق (kïŋra:k)
      • Uyghur: [script needed] (kïŋrak, wide blade knife)
  • Kipchak:

References

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  1. ^ Gharib, B. (1995) “xγr, xnγr”, in Sogdian dictionary: Sogdian–Persian–English, Tehran: Farhangan Publications, page 431
  2. ^ Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “hançer”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
  3. ^ Tekin, Talât (1993) Hunların Dili [The languages of the Xiongnu people]‎[1] (in Turkish), 1st edition, Ankara: Doruk Yayınları, →ISBN, pages 14-15
  4. ^ Sanžejev, G. D., Orlovskaja, M. N., Ševernina, Z. V. (2016) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ mongolʹskix jazykov: v 3 t. [Etymological dictionary of Mongolic languages: in 3 vols.] (in Russian), volume II, Moscow: Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, page 127
  • Clauson, Gerard (1972) “”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, pages 639-649
  • Levitskaja, L. S., Dybo, A. V., Rassadin, V. I. (2000) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume VI, Moscow: Indrik, page 221
  • Räsänen, Martti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, page 265