Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/kiār-

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Verb

*kiār-

1. (transitive) to mix

Derived terms

• *kiār-ïĺč- (“to be mixed”) (reflexive)
  • Azerbaijani: qarışmaq
  • Ottoman Turkish: قارشمق (karışmak)
    • Turkish: karışmak
  • Turkmen: garyşmak
  • *kiārïĺč-tur- (“to mix something”) (causative)
    • Azerbaijani: qarışdırmaq
    • Ottoman Turkish:
      • Turkish: karıştırmak
    • Turkmen: garyşdyrmak

Descendants

• Oghur:
  • Chuvash: юр (jur)
• Common Turkic:

• Oghuz:
  • West Oghuz:
    • Old Anatolian Turkish: [script needed] (kar-)
      • Ottoman Turkish: قارمق (karmak)
        • Turkish: karmak
  • East Oghuz:
    • Turkmen: gārmak
• Karluk:
  • Karakhanid: [script needed] (qar-)
    • Uzbek: qormoq
• Kipchak:
  • South Kipchak:
    • Karakalpak: [script needed] (qarı-)

References

• Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*kiār-”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8)‎^[1], Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
• Clauson, Gerard (1972) “”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, pages 642-643
• Levitskaja, L. S., Dybo, A. V., Rassadin, V. I. (1997) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume 5, Moscow: Jazyki russkoj kulʹtury, page 285