caluniar

Portuguese

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin calumniārī. Piecewise doublet of coimar.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ka.lu.niˈa(ʁ)/ [ka.lu.nɪˈa(h)], (faster pronunciation) /ka.luˈnja(ʁ)/ [ka.luˈnja(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ka.lu.niˈa(ʁ)/ [ka.lu.nɪˈa(h)], (faster pronunciation) /ka.luˈnja(ʁ)/ [ka.luˈnja(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /ka.lu.niˈa(ɾ)/ [ka.lu.nɪˈa(ɾ)], (faster pronunciation) /ka.luˈnja(ɾ)/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /ka.lu.niˈa(ʁ)/ [ka.lu.nɪˈa(χ)], (faster pronunciation) /ka.luˈnja(ʁ)/ [ka.luˈnja(χ)]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /ka.lu.niˈa(ɻ)/ [ka.lu.nɪˈa(ɻ)], (faster pronunciation) /ka.luˈnja(ɻ)/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /kɐ.luˈnjaɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /kɐ.luˈnjaɾ/
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /kɐ.luˈnja.ɾi/

• Hyphenation: ca‧lu‧ni‧ar

Verb

caluniar (first-person singular present calunio, first-person singular preterite caluniei, past participle caluniado)

1. to calumniate; to slander (to make hurtful untrue statements)

   Synonyms: injuriar, difamar

Conjugation

    Conjugation of caluniar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	caluniar
Personal	caluniar	caluniares	caluniar	caluniarmos	caluniardes	caluniarem
Gerund
	caluniando
Past participle
Masculine	caluniado			caluniados
Feminine	caluniada			caluniadas
Indicative
Present	calunio	calunias	calunia	caluniamos	caluniais	caluniam
Imperfect	caluniava	caluniavas	caluniava	caluniávamos	caluniáveis	caluniavam
Preterite	caluniei	caluniaste	caluniou	caluniamos1, caluniámos2	caluniastes	caluniaram
Pluperfect	caluniara	caluniaras	caluniara	caluniáramos	caluniáreis	caluniaram
Future	caluniarei	caluniarás	caluniará	caluniaremos	caluniareis	caluniarão
Conditional	caluniaria	caluniarias	caluniaria	caluniaríamos	caluniaríeis	caluniariam
Subjunctive
Present	calunie	calunies	calunie	caluniemos	calunieis	caluniem
Imperfect	caluniasse	caluniasses	caluniasse	caluniássemos	caluniásseis	caluniassem
Future	caluniar	caluniares	caluniar	caluniarmos	caluniardes	caluniarem
Imperative
Affirmative		calunia	calunie	caluniemos	caluniai	caluniem
Negative (não)		não calunies	não calunie	não caluniemos	não calunieis	não caluniem

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.