cay đắng

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Vietnamese[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From cay (spicy) +‎ đắng (bitter), calque of Chinese 辛苦 (tân khổ).

Pronunciation[edit]

Adjective[edit]

cay đắng

  1. (of human experience) bitter; painful; miserable
    Synonym: đắng cay
    cuộc đời cay đắnga miserable life