connoître

French

Etymology

From Latin cognōscō. Compare with modern French connaître and connaitre.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kɔ.nwatʁ/

• Audio

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Verb

connoître

1. Archaic spelling of connaître.

   L’homme qui veut connoître toutes choses ne se connoît pas lui-même. (Œuvres mêlées de Saint-Évremond, Paris 1865)

Conjugation

This verb is one of a fairly small group of -re verbs, that are all conjugated the same way. They are unlike other verb groups in that the 'i' is given a circumflex before a 't'. This conjugation pattern is no longer in use and has been replaced by -aître.

Conjugation of connoître (see also Appendix:French verbs)

infinitive	simple	connoître
	compound	avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1	simple	connoissant /kɔ.nɛ.sɑ̃/ or /kɔ.ne.sɑ̃/
	compound	ayant + past participle
past participle		connu /kɔ.ny/
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		je (j’)	tu	il, elle, on	nous	vous	ils, elles
(simple tenses)	present	connois /kɔ.nɛ/	connois /kɔ.nɛ/	connoit /kɔ.nɛ/	connoissons /kɔ.nɛ.sɔ̃/ or /kɔ.ne.sɔ̃/	connoissez /kɔ.nɛ.se/ or /kɔ.ne.se/	connoissent /kɔ.nɛs/
	imperfect	connoissais /kɔ.nɛ.sɛ/ or /kɔ.ne.sɛ/	connoissais /kɔ.nɛ.sɛ/ or /kɔ.ne.sɛ/	connoissait /kɔ.nɛ.sɛ/ or /kɔ.ne.sɛ/	connoissions /kɔ.nɛ.sjɔ̃/ or /kɔ.ne.sjɔ̃/	connoissiez /kɔ.nɛ.sje/ or /kɔ.ne.sje/	connoissaient /kɔ.nɛ.sɛ/ or /kɔ.ne.sɛ/
	past historic2	connus /kɔ.ny/	connus /kɔ.ny/	connut /kɔ.ny/	connûmes /kɔ.nym/	connûtes /kɔ.nyt/	connurent /kɔ.nyʁ/
	future	connoîtrai /kɔ.nɛ.tʁe/ or /kɔ.ne.tʁe/	connoîtras /kɔ.nɛ.tʁa/ or /kɔ.ne.tʁa/	connoîtra /kɔ.nɛ.tʁa/ or /kɔ.ne.tʁa/	connoîtrons /kɔ.nɛ.tʁɔ̃/ or /kɔ.ne.tʁɔ̃/	connoîtrez /kɔ.nɛ.tʁe/ or /kɔ.ne.tʁe/	connoîtront /kɔ.nɛ.tʁɔ̃/ or /kɔ.ne.tʁɔ̃/
	conditional	connoîtrais /kɔ.nɛ.tʁɛ/ or /kɔ.ne.tʁɛ/	connoîtrais /kɔ.nɛ.tʁɛ/ or /kɔ.ne.tʁɛ/	connoîtrait /kɔ.nɛ.tʁɛ/ or /kɔ.ne.tʁɛ/	connoîtrions /kɔ.nɛ.tʁi.jɔ̃/ or /kɔ.ne.tʁi.jɔ̃/	connoîtriez /kɔ.nɛ.tʁi.je/ or /kɔ.ne.tʁi.je/	connoîtraient /kɔ.nɛ.tʁɛ/ or /kɔ.ne.tʁɛ/
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior2	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que je (j’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	connoisse /kɔ.nɛs/	connoisses /kɔ.nɛs/	connoisse /kɔ.nɛs/	connoissions /kɔ.nɛ.sjɔ̃/ or /kɔ.ne.sjɔ̃/	connoissiez /kɔ.nɛ.sje/ or /kɔ.ne.sje/	connoissent /kɔ.nɛs/
	imperfect2	connusse /kɔ.nys/	connusses /kɔ.nys/	connût /kɔ.ny/	connussions /kɔ.ny.sjɔ̃/	connussiez /kɔ.ny.sje/	connussent /kɔ.nys/
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect2	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	connois /kɔ.nɛ/	—	connoissons /kɔ.nɛ.sɔ̃/ or /kɔ.ne.sɔ̃/	connoissez /kɔ.nɛ.se/ or /kɔ.ne.se/	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way: past historic → present perfect past anterior → pluperfect imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

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