nuager
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French
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Audio: (file)
Verb
[edit]nuager
- to cover with clouds
- Rétif de La Bretonne, La mimographie, Éd. Changuion, Amsterdam, 1770
- Il est venu m'embrasser, avec un front nuagé, de cet air embarrassément fier, qui semble dire aux gens : je boude, de peur d'être grondé.
Conjugation
[edit]This is a regular -er verb, but the stem is written nuage- before endings that begin with -a- or -o- (to indicate that the -g- is a "soft" /ʒ/ and not a "hard" /ɡ/). This spelling-change occurs in all verbs in -ger, such as neiger and manger.
Conjugation of nuager (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | nuager | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | nuageant /nɥa.ʒɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | nuagé /nɥa.ʒe/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | nuage /nɥaʒ/ |
nuages /nɥaʒ/ |
nuage /nɥaʒ/ |
nuageons /nɥa.ʒɔ̃/ |
nuagez /nɥa.ʒe/ |
nuagent /nɥaʒ/ |
| imperfect | nuageais /nɥa.ʒɛ/ |
nuageais /nɥa.ʒɛ/ |
nuageait /nɥa.ʒɛ/ |
nuagions /nɥa.ʒjɔ̃/ |
nuagiez /nɥa.ʒje/ |
nuageaient /nɥa.ʒɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | nuageai /nɥa.ʒe/ |
nuageas /nɥa.ʒa/ |
nuagea /nɥa.ʒa/ |
nuageâmes /nɥa.ʒam/ |
nuageâtes /nɥa.ʒat/ |
nuagèrent /nɥa.ʒɛʁ/ | |
| future | nuagerai /nɥaʒ.ʁe/ |
nuageras /nɥaʒ.ʁa/ |
nuagera /nɥaʒ.ʁa/ |
nuagerons /nɥaʒ.ʁɔ̃/ |
nuagerez /nɥaʒ.ʁe/ |
nuageront /nɥaʒ.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | nuagerais /nɥaʒ.ʁɛ/ |
nuagerais /nɥaʒ.ʁɛ/ |
nuagerait /nɥaʒ.ʁɛ/ |
nuagerions /nɥa.ʒə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
nuageriez /nɥa.ʒə.ʁje/ |
nuageraient /nɥaʒ.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | nuage /nɥaʒ/ |
nuages /nɥaʒ/ |
nuage /nɥaʒ/ |
nuagions /nɥa.ʒjɔ̃/ |
nuagiez /nɥa.ʒje/ |
nuagent /nɥaʒ/ |
| imperfect2 | nuageasse /nɥa.ʒas/ |
nuageasses /nɥa.ʒas/ |
nuageât /nɥa.ʒa/ |
nuageassions /nɥa.ʒa.sjɔ̃/ |
nuageassiez /nɥa.ʒa.sje/ |
nuageassent /nɥa.ʒas/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | nuage /nɥaʒ/ |
— | nuageons /nɥa.ʒɔ̃/ |
nuagez /nɥa.ʒe/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
References
[edit]- “nuager”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.