κρίβανος

Ancient Greek

FWOTD – 19 August 2020

Alternative forms

• κλῑ́βανος (klī́banos), κρῑ́βανον (krī́banon)

Etymology

A technical loan of unknown origin. Walde suggested a connection with Proto-Germanic *hlaibaz (“loaf”), while Lewy proposed a Semitic origin; both proposals are unconvincing. Furnée lists the words among examples of the interchange of "ρ" and "λ" in Pre-Greek words, which is probable.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /krǐː.ba.nos/ → /ˈkri.βa.nos/ → /ˈkri.va.nos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /krǐː.ba.nos/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈkri.ba.nos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈkri.βa.nos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈkri.va.nos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈkri.va.nos/

Noun

κρῑ́βᾰνος • (krī́banos) m (genitive κρῑβᾰ́νου); second declension

1. covered earthen vessel, wherein bread was baked by putting hot embers round it
2. funnel-shaped vessel, used for drawing water
3. underground channel or vaulted passage, in irrigation works
4. hollow, cavern in a rock

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ κρῑ́βᾰνος; τοῦ κρῑβᾰ́νου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ κρῑ́βᾰνος ho krī́banos	τὼ κρῑβᾰ́νω tṑ krībánō	οἱ κρῑ́βᾰνοι hoi krī́banoi
Genitive	τοῦ κρῑβᾰ́νου toû krībánou	τοῖν κρῑβᾰ́νοιν toîn krībánoin	τῶν κρῑβᾰ́νων tôn krībánōn
Dative	τῷ κρῑβᾰ́νῳ tôi krībánōi	τοῖν κρῑβᾰ́νοιν toîn krībánoin	τοῖς κρῑβᾰ́νοις toîs krībánois
Accusative	τὸν κρῑ́βᾰνον tòn krī́banon	τὼ κρῑβᾰ́νω tṑ krībánō	τοὺς κρῑβᾰ́νους toùs krībánous
Vocative	κρῑ́βᾰνε krī́bane	κρῑβᾰ́νω krībánō	κρῑ́βᾰνοι krī́banoi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• κριβανάριος (kribanários)
• κριβανεῖον (kribaneîon)
• κριβανεύς (kribaneús)
• κριβάνη (kribánē)
• κριβανίκιος (kribaníkios)
• κριβάνιον (kribánion)
• κριβάνιος (kribánios)
• κριβανίτης (kribanítēs)
• κριβανοειδής (kribanoeidḗs)
• κριβανωτός (kribanōtós)

 

Descendants

• → Latin: clibanus

Further reading

• “κρίβανος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “κρίβανος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• κρίβανος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN