زوج
Arabic[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
From Aramaic זוגא (zawgā, “yoke, pair”), from Ancient Greek ζεῦγος (zeûgos, “yoke”) which was used in Greek for the yoke of marriage – now it forms a root ز و ج (z-w-j).
Root |
---|
ز و ج (z-w-j) |
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
زَوْج • (zawj) m (dual زَوْجَان (zawjān), plural أَزْوَاج (ʔazwāj))
- one of a pair
- spouse, mate, partner
- husband
- Synonym: بَعْل (baʕl)
- 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 58:1:
- قَدْ سَمِعَ ٱللَّٰهُ قَوْلَ ٱلَّتِي تُجَادِلُكَ فِي زَوْجِهَا وَتَشْتَكِي إِلَى ٱللَّٰهِ وَٱللَّٰهُ يَسْمَعُ تَحَاوُرَكُمَا إِنَّ ٱللَّٰهَ سَمِيعٌ بَصِيرٌ
- qad samiʕa llāhu qawla llatī tujādiluka fī zawjihā wataštakī ʔilā llāhi wal-lāhu yasmaʕu taḥāwurakumā ʔinna llāha samīʕun baṣīrun
- God has certainly heard the speech of her who pleads with you about her husband and complains to God. God hears the conversation between the two of you.
- (feminine) wife
- 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 20:117:
- فَقُلْنَا يَا آدَمُ إِنَّ هَٰذَا عَدُوٌّ لَّكَ وَلِزَوْجِكَ فَلَا يُخْرِجَنَّكُمَا مِنَ ٱلْجَنَّةِ فَتَشْقَىٰ
- faqulnā yā ʔādamu ʔinna hāḏā ʕaduwwun llaka walizawjika falā yuḵrijannakumā mina l-jannati fatašqā
- We said, “O Adam! This is indeed an enemy of yours and your mate’s. So do not let him expel you from paradise, or you will be miserable.”
- husband
- (often in the dual) a pair or couple
- هُمَا زَوْجَانِ
- humā zawjāni
- They two are a pair or couple.
- (now rare) kind, type
- 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 56:4-10:
- إِذَا رُجَّتِ الْأَرْضُ رَجًّا وَبُسَّتِ الْجِبَالُ بَسًّا فَكَانَتْ هَبَاءً مُّنْبَثًّا وَكُنتُمْ أَزْوَاجًا ثَلَاثَةً فَأَصْحَابُ الْمَيْمَنَةِ مَا أَصْحَابُ الْمَيْمَنَةِ وَأَصْحَابُ الْمَشْأَمَةِ مَا أَصْحَابُ الْمَشْأَمَةِ وَالسَّابِقُونَ السَّابِقُونَ
- When the earth is shaken with convulsion / And the mountains are crushed, crumbling / And become dust dispersing / And ye become of three kinds: Then the companions of the right – what are the companions of the right? And the companions of the left – what are the companions of the left? And the forerunners, the forerunners!
Declension[edit]
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | زَوْج zawj |
الزَّوْج az-zawj |
زَوْج zawj |
Nominative | زَوْجٌ zawjun |
الزَّوْجُ az-zawju |
زَوْجُ zawju |
Accusative | زَوْجًا zawjan |
الزَّوْجَ az-zawja |
زَوْجَ zawja |
Genitive | زَوْجٍ zawjin |
الزَّوْجِ az-zawji |
زَوْجِ zawji |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | زَوْجَيْن zawjayn |
الزَّوْجَيْن az-zawjayn |
زَوْجَيْ zawjay |
Nominative | زَوْجَانِ zawjāni |
الزَّوْجَانِ az-zawjāni |
زَوْجَا zawjā |
Accusative | زَوْجَيْنِ zawjayni |
الزَّوْجَيْنِ az-zawjayni |
زَوْجَيْ zawjay |
Genitive | زَوْجَيْنِ zawjayni |
الزَّوْجَيْنِ az-zawjayni |
زَوْجَيْ zawjay |
Plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | أَزْوَاج ʔazwāj |
الْأَزْوَاج al-ʔazwāj |
أَزْوَاج ʔazwāj |
Nominative | أَزْوَاجٌ ʔazwājun |
الْأَزْوَاجُ al-ʔazwāju |
أَزْوَاجُ ʔazwāju |
Accusative | أَزْوَاجًا ʔazwājan |
الْأَزْوَاجَ al-ʔazwāja |
أَزْوَاجَ ʔazwāja |
Genitive | أَزْوَاجٍ ʔazwājin |
الْأَزْوَاجِ al-ʔazwāji |
أَزْوَاجِ ʔazwāji |
Derived terms[edit]
Descendants[edit]
- Moroccan Arabic: جوج (jūj), زوج (zūj)
- Maltese: żewġ
- → Azerbaijani: zövc
- → Bengali: জওজ (zôuj)
- → Ottoman Turkish: زوج (zevc)
- → Turkish: zevç
- → Persian: زوج (zowj)
- → Uzbek: zavj
Etymology 2[edit]
Denominal verb derived from زَوْج (zawj, “pair”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Verb[edit]
زَوَّجَ • (zawwaja) II, non-past يُزَوِّجُ (yuzawwiju)
- (ditransitive) to marry off, to give in marriage
- to pair, to couple, to join in pairs
- to double, to geminate
Conjugation[edit]
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
tazwīj | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
muzawwij | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
muzawwaj | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | zawwajtu |
zawwajta |
زَوَّجَ zawwaja |
zawwajtumā |
zawwajā |
zawwajnā |
zawwajtum |
zawwajū | |||
f | zawwajti |
zawwajat |
zawwajatā |
zawwajtunna |
zawwajna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔuzawwiju |
tuzawwiju |
yuzawwiju |
tuzawwijāni |
yuzawwijāni |
nuzawwiju |
tuzawwijūna |
yuzawwijūna | |||
f | tuzawwijīna |
tuzawwiju |
tuzawwijāni |
tuzawwijna |
yuzawwijna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔuzawwija |
tuzawwija |
yuzawwija |
tuzawwijā |
yuzawwijā |
nuzawwija |
tuzawwijū |
yuzawwijū | |||
f | tuzawwijī |
tuzawwija |
tuzawwijā |
tuzawwijna |
yuzawwijna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔuzawwij |
tuzawwij |
yuzawwij |
tuzawwijā |
yuzawwijā |
nuzawwij |
tuzawwijū |
yuzawwijū | |||
f | tuzawwijī |
tuzawwij |
tuzawwijā |
tuzawwijna |
yuzawwijna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | زَوِّجْ zawwij |
zawwijā |
zawwijū |
||||||||
f | zawwijī |
zawwijna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | zuwwijtu |
zuwwijta |
زُوِّجَ zuwwija |
zuwwijtumā |
zuwwijā |
zuwwijnā |
zuwwijtum |
zuwwijū | |||
f | zuwwijti |
zuwwijat |
zuwwijatā |
zuwwijtunna |
zuwwijna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔuzawwaju |
tuzawwaju |
yuzawwaju |
tuzawwajāni |
yuzawwajāni |
nuzawwaju |
tuzawwajūna |
yuzawwajūna | |||
f | tuzawwajīna |
tuzawwaju |
tuzawwajāni |
tuzawwajna |
yuzawwajna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔuzawwaja |
tuzawwaja |
yuzawwaja |
tuzawwajā |
yuzawwajā |
nuzawwaja |
tuzawwajū |
yuzawwajū | |||
f | tuzawwajī |
tuzawwaja |
tuzawwajā |
tuzawwajna |
yuzawwajna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔuzawwaj |
tuzawwaj |
yuzawwaj |
tuzawwajā |
yuzawwajā |
nuzawwaj |
tuzawwajū |
yuzawwajū | |||
f | tuzawwajī |
tuzawwaj |
tuzawwajā |
tuzawwajna |
yuzawwajna |
References[edit]
- Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 106
- Hübschmann, Heinrich (1897) Armenische Grammatik. 1. Theil: Armenische Etymologie (in German), Leipzig: Breitkopf & Härtel, page 303
- Jeffery, Arthur (1938) The Foreign Vocabulary of the Qurʾān (Gaekwad’s Oriental Series; 79), Baroda: Oriental Institute, pages 154–155
- Wehr, Hans (1979) “زوج”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN
- Lane, Edward William (1863) “زوج”, in Arabic-English Lexicon[1], London: Williams & Norgate
Hijazi Arabic[edit]
Root |
---|
ز و ج |
2 terms |
Etymology 1[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
زوج • (zōj) m (plural أزواج (ʔazwāj))
Etymology 2[edit]
From Arabic زَوَّجَ (zawwaja).
Pronunciation[edit]
Verb[edit]
زَوَّج • (zawwaj) II (non-past يِزَوِّج (yizawwij))
- (ditransitive) to marry off, to give in marriage
- Synonym: (rare) جَوَّز (jawwaz)
Conjugation[edit]
Conjugation of زوج (zawwaj) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | |||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
past | m | زوجت (zawwajt) | زوجت (zawwajt) | زوج (zawwaj) | زوجنا (zawwajna) | زوجتوا (zawwajtu) | زوجوا (zawwaju) | |
f | زوجتي (zawwajti) | زوجت (zawwajat) | ||||||
non-past | m | أزوج (ʔazawwij) | تزوج (tizawwij) | يزوج (yizawwij) | نزوج (nizawwij) | تزوجوا (tizawwiju) | يزوجوا (yizawwiju) | |
f | تزوجي (tizawwiji) | تزوج (tizawwij) | ||||||
imperative | m | زوج (zawwij) | زوجوا (zawwiju) | |||||
f | زوجي (zawwiji) |
Ottoman Turkish[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Borrowed from Arabic زَوْج (zawj, “one of a pair”).
Noun[edit]
زوج • (zevc) (plural ازواج (ezvac))
- (originally) mate, one of a pair, a single thing of a couple
- Synonym: اش (eş)
- spouse, a person in a marriage or marital relationship
- pair, couple, a set of two similar things taken together
- Synonym: چفت (çift)
- couple, two partners in a romantic or sexual relationship
- Synonym: چفت (çift)
- (mathematics) even number, an integer that is divisible by two
Descendants[edit]
- Turkish: zevç
Further reading[edit]
- Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “zevc”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 5461
- Devellioğlu, Ferit (1962) “zevc”, in Osmanlıca-Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lûgat[2] (in Turkish), Istanbul: Türk Dil Kurumu, page 1423
- Kélékian, Diran (1911) “زوج”, in Dictionnaire turc-français[3], Constantinople: Mihran, page 650
- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Par”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum[4], Vienna, column 1239
- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “زوج”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum[5], Vienna, column 2481
- Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “zevç”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
- Redhouse, James W. (1890) “زوج”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon[6], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1018
Persian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Arabic زَوْج (zawj). Doublet of یوغ (joğ, juğ, “yoke”), also related to جُفت (joft).
Pronunciation[edit]
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [zawd͡ʒ]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [zowd͡ʒ̥]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [zäwd͡ʒ]
Readings | |
---|---|
Classical reading? | zawj |
Dari reading? | zawj |
Iranian reading? | zowj |
Tajik reading? | zavj |
Noun[edit]
Dari | زَوج |
---|---|
Iranian Persian | زُوج |
Tajik | завҷ |
زُوج • (zowj)
- couple, pair
- Synonym: جُفت (joft)
- spouse, mate, partner
- Synonym: هَمسَر (hamsar)
- even number
- Antonym: فَرد (fard)
- (of days of the week) of which the Persian-language name begins with an even number
- Antonym: فَرد (fard)
- Hyponyms: شَنبه (šanbe, “Saturday”), دوشَنبه (došanbe, “Monday”), چَهارشَنبه (čahâršambe, “Wednesday”)
South Levantine Arabic[edit]
Root |
---|
ز و ج |
2 terms |
Etymology 1[edit]
From Arabic زَوَّجَ (zawwaja).
Pronunciation[edit]
Verb[edit]
زوّج • (zawwaj) II (present بزوّج (bizawwej))
- (transitive) to marry
- Synonym: أهّل (ʔahhal)
Conjugation[edit]
Conjugation of زوّج (zawwaj) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | |||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
past | m | زوّجت (zawwajt) | زوّجت (zawwajt) | زوّج (zawwaj) | زوّجنا (zawwajna) | زوّجتو (zawwajtu) | زوّجو (zawwaju) | |
f | زوّجتي (zawwajti) | زوّجت (zawwajat) | ||||||
present | m | بزوّج (bazawwej) | بتزوّج (bitzawwej) | بزوّج (bizawwej) | منزوّج (minzawwej) | بتزوّجو (bitzawwju) | بزوّجو (bizawwju) | |
f | بتزوّجي (bitzawwji) | بتزوّج (bitzawwej) | ||||||
subjunctive | m | ازوّج (azawwej) | تزوّج (tzawwej) | يزوّج (yzawwej) | نزوّج (nzawwej) | تزوّجو (tzawwju) | يزوّجو (yzawwju) | |
f | تزوّجي (tzawwji) | تزوّج (tzawwej) | ||||||
imperative | m | زوّج (zawwej) | زوّجو (zawwju) | |||||
f | زوّجي (zawwji) |
Etymology 2[edit]
Learned borrowing from Arabic زَوْج (zawj).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
- Arabic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Arabic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *yewg-
- Arabic terms borrowed from Aramaic
- Arabic terms derived from Aramaic
- Arabic terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Arabic terms belonging to the root ز و ج
- Arabic 1-syllable words
- Arabic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Arabic terms with audio links
- Arabic lemmas
- Arabic nouns
- Arabic masculine nouns
- Arabic terms with quotations
- Arabic terms with usage examples
- Arabic terms with rare senses
- Arabic nouns with basic triptote singular
- Arabic nouns with broken plural
- Arabic nouns with basic triptote broken plural
- Arabic 3-syllable words
- Arabic verbs
- Arabic form-II verbs
- Arabic sound verbs by conjugation
- Arabic hollow form-II verbs
- Arabic hollow verbs
- Arabic form-II verbs with و as second radical
- Arabic ditransitive verbs
- Arabic verbs with full passive
- Arabic transitive verbs
- Arabic masculine and feminine nouns by sense
- ar:Family
- Hijazi Arabic terms belonging to the root ز و ج
- Hijazi Arabic terms inherited from Arabic
- Hijazi Arabic terms derived from Arabic
- Hijazi Arabic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hijazi Arabic lemmas
- Hijazi Arabic nouns
- Hijazi Arabic masculine nouns
- Hijazi Arabic verbs
- Hijazi Arabic form-II verbs
- Hijazi Arabic ditransitive verbs
- Hijazi Arabic hollow form-II verbs
- Hijazi Arabic hollow verbs
- Ottoman Turkish terms borrowed from Arabic
- Ottoman Turkish terms derived from Arabic
- Ottoman Turkish terms derived from the Arabic root ز و ج
- Ottoman Turkish lemmas
- Ottoman Turkish nouns
- ota:Mathematics
- ota:Family
- Persian terms derived from Arabic
- Persian terms derived from the Arabic root ز و ج
- Persian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Persian terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *yewg-
- Persian terms borrowed from Arabic
- Persian doublets
- Persian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Persian lemmas
- Persian nouns
- South Levantine Arabic terms belonging to the root ز و ج
- South Levantine Arabic terms inherited from Arabic
- South Levantine Arabic terms derived from Arabic
- South Levantine Arabic terms with IPA pronunciation
- South Levantine Arabic terms with audio links
- South Levantine Arabic lemmas
- South Levantine Arabic verbs
- South Levantine Arabic form-II verbs
- South Levantine Arabic transitive verbs
- South Levantine Arabic terms borrowed from Arabic
- South Levantine Arabic learned borrowings from Arabic
- South Levantine Arabic nouns
- South Levantine Arabic masculine nouns
- ajp:Family