صندل

Arabic

Etymology 1

From Middle Persian cndl (čandal), likely from Gandhari 𐨕𐨎𐨡𐨣 (caṃdana), from Sanskrit चन्दन (candana).

Noun

صَنْدَل • (ṣandal) m (plural صَنَادِل (ṣanādil))

2. sandalwood

Declension

Declension of noun صَنْدَل (ṣandal)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	صَنْدَل ṣandal	الصَّنْدَل aṣ-ṣandal	صَنْدَل ṣandal
Nominative	صَنْدَلٌ ṣandalun	الصَّنْدَلُ aṣ-ṣandalu	صَنْدَلُ ṣandalu
Accusative	صَنْدَلًا ṣandalan	الصَّنْدَلَ aṣ-ṣandala	صَنْدَلَ ṣandala
Genitive	صَنْدَلٍ ṣandalin	الصَّنْدَلِ aṣ-ṣandali	صَنْدَلِ ṣandali
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	صَنْدَلَيْن ṣandalayn	الصَّنْدَلَيْن aṣ-ṣandalayn	صَنْدَلَيْ ṣandalay
Nominative	صَنْدَلَانِ ṣandalāni	الصَّنْدَلَانِ aṣ-ṣandalāni	صَنْدَلَا ṣandalā
Accusative	صَنْدَلَيْنِ ṣandalayni	الصَّنْدَلَيْنِ aṣ-ṣandalayni	صَنْدَلَيْ ṣandalay
Genitive	صَنْدَلَيْنِ ṣandalayni	الصَّنْدَلَيْنِ aṣ-ṣandalayni	صَنْدَلَيْ ṣandalay
Plural	basic broken plural diptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	صَنَادِل ṣanādil	الصَّنَادِل aṣ-ṣanādil	صَنَادِل ṣanādil
Nominative	صَنَادِلُ ṣanādilu	الصَّنَادِلُ aṣ-ṣanādilu	صَنَادِلُ ṣanādilu
Accusative	صَنَادِلَ ṣanādila	الصَّنَادِلَ aṣ-ṣanādila	صَنَادِلَ ṣanādila
Genitive	صَنَادِلَ ṣanādila	الصَّنَادِلِ aṣ-ṣanādili	صَنَادِلِ ṣanādili

Derived terms

• صَنْدَلِيَّة (ṣandaliyya, “sandalwood oil”)
• صَنْدَلِيَّات (ṣandaliyyāt, “Santalales”)

Descendants

Descendants

• → Byzantine Greek: σάνδανον (sándanon), σάνταλον (sántalon)
  • Greek: σάνταλο (sántalo)
  • → Medieval Latin: sandalum, santalum
    • → English: sandal
    • → French: santal, sandal
      • → English: santal
      • → Czech: santál, santal, sandál
    • → Italian: sandalo
      • → German: Sandel
    • → New Latin: Santalum
    • → Portuguese: sândalo
    • → Spanish: sándalo
  • → Old East Slavic: сандалъ (sandalŭ)
    • Russian: санда́л (sandál), санта́л (santál)
• → Middle Armenian: սանտալ (santal), սանդալ (sandal)
• → Persian: صندل (sandal), چندل (čandal), چندن (čandan)
  • → Hindustani:

    Hindi: संदल (sandal)

    Urdu: صندل (sandal)

  • → Ottoman Turkish: صندل (sendel), سندل (sendel)
    • Turkish: sandal
  • → Punjabi:

    Gurmukhi script: ਸੰਦਲ (sandal)

    Shahmukhi script: صندل (sandal)

• → Swahili: sandali

Etymology 2

A vessel already known to the Ṭūlūnids from Byzantine Greek σανδάλιον (sandálion) having both the ship and the shoe sense, diminutive of σάνδαλον (sándalon).

Noun

صَنْدَل • (ṣandal) m (plural صَنَادِل (ṣanādil))

1. sandals
2. barge, lighter, freight barge, sandal

Declension

Declension of noun صَنْدَل (ṣandal)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	صَنْدَل ṣandal	الصَّنْدَل aṣ-ṣandal	صَنْدَل ṣandal
Nominative	صَنْدَلٌ ṣandalun	الصَّنْدَلُ aṣ-ṣandalu	صَنْدَلُ ṣandalu
Accusative	صَنْدَلًا ṣandalan	الصَّنْدَلَ aṣ-ṣandala	صَنْدَلَ ṣandala
Genitive	صَنْدَلٍ ṣandalin	الصَّنْدَلِ aṣ-ṣandali	صَنْدَلِ ṣandali
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	صَنْدَلَيْن ṣandalayn	الصَّنْدَلَيْن aṣ-ṣandalayn	صَنْدَلَيْ ṣandalay
Nominative	صَنْدَلَانِ ṣandalāni	الصَّنْدَلَانِ aṣ-ṣandalāni	صَنْدَلَا ṣandalā
Accusative	صَنْدَلَيْنِ ṣandalayni	الصَّنْدَلَيْنِ aṣ-ṣandalayni	صَنْدَلَيْ ṣandalay
Genitive	صَنْدَلَيْنِ ṣandalayni	الصَّنْدَلَيْنِ aṣ-ṣandalayni	صَنْدَلَيْ ṣandalay
Plural	basic broken plural diptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	صَنَادِل ṣanādil	الصَّنَادِل aṣ-ṣanādil	صَنَادِل ṣanādil
Nominative	صَنَادِلُ ṣanādilu	الصَّنَادِلُ aṣ-ṣanādilu	صَنَادِلُ ṣanādilu
Accusative	صَنَادِلَ ṣanādila	الصَّنَادِلَ aṣ-ṣanādila	صَنَادِلَ ṣanādila
Genitive	صَنَادِلَ ṣanādila	الصَّنَادِلِ aṣ-ṣanādili	صَنَادِلِ ṣanādili

References

• Agius, Dionisius A. (2008) Classic Ships of Islam. From Mesopotamia to the Indian Ocean (Handbook of Oriental Studies; 92), Leiden: Brill, page 306
• Bramoullé, David (2019) Les Fatimides et la mer (909–1171) (Islamic History and Civilization: Studies and Texts; 165)‎^[1] (in French), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 295
• Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881) “صندل”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes‎^[2] (in French), volume 1, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 846

Moroccan Arabic

Alternative forms

• صندالة (ṣandāla)

Etymology

From Arabic صَنْدَل (ṣandal).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sˤan.dal/

Noun

صندل • (ṣandal) m (plural صنادل (ṣnadil))

1. sandal

Persian

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [san.ˈdal]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [sän̪.d̪ǽl]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [sän̪.d̪ǽl]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [sän̪.d̪ǽl]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [sän̪.d̪ǽl̥]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [sæn̪.d̪ǽl̥]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [sän̪.d̪ǽl]

Readings
Classical reading?	sandal
Dari reading?	sandal
Iranian reading?	sandal
Tajik reading?	sandal

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Arabic صَنْدَل (ṣandal), from Middle Persian cndl (čandal), from Sanskrit चन्दन (candana).

Alternative forms

• چندل (čandal), چندن (čandan) (inherited from Middle Persian)

Noun

صندل • (sandal)

1. sandalwood

Descendants

• → Hindustani:

  Hindi: संदल (sandal)

  Urdu: صندل (sandal)

• → Ottoman Turkish: صندل (sendel), سندل (sendel)
  • Turkish: sandal
• → Punjabi:

  Gurmukhi script: ਸੰਦਲ (sandal)

  Shahmukhi script: صندل (sandal)

Etymology 2

Noun

Dari	چپلک، چپلی
Iranian Persian	صندل
Tajik	сандал, шиппак

صندل • (sandal)

1. sandal, a kind of slipper

Etymology 3

Noun

صندل • (sandal)

1. a small boat employed in carrying fresh water and victuals to ships lying at a distance from shore, a bumboat

References

• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892) “صندل”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul