ने
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Hindi
[edit]Etymology
[edit]- Borrowed from Haryanvi नै (nai) (or a Rajasthani language), from Sauraseni Apabhramsa कण्णही, from Sanskrit कर्णे (karṇe), locative singular of कर्ण (karṇa, “ear”). This is the more widely accepted etymology currently, because (1) it is phonologically sound, (2) it accounts for the late occurrence of ने (ne) in Hindi and its lack in Old Hindi, and (3) it follows the pattern of postpositions being derived from the locative forms of terms for body parts, e.g. को (ko, dative postp.) < Sanskrit कक्ष (kakṣa, “armpit”).[1][2][3]
- Possibly from Sanskrit -एन (-ena, instrumental case marker). This case suffix serves the same function as Hindi ने (ne) when used with past participles in Sanskrit. However the splitting of a case marker into a postposition does not occur elsewhere in Indo-Aryan and it is phonologically implausible since Sauraseni Prakrit has -𑀏𑀁 (-eṃ).[2]
- Sanskrit: कृष्णेन कृतम् । ― kṛṣṇena kṛtam . ― Krishna did it.
- Hindi: कृष्ण ने किया। ― kṛṣṇa ne kiyā. ― Krishna did it.
Pronunciation
[edit]Postposition
[edit]- marker of the ergative case with perfective-aspect transitive verbs
Usage notes
[edit]Some Eastern Hindi dialects do not mark the ergative case at all.
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Butt, Miriam, Ahmed, Tafseer (2011) “The redevelopment of Indo-Aryan case systems from a lexical semantic perspective”, in Morphology, volume 21, number 3, pages 545–572
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Reinöhl, Uta (2016) “The diverse origins of the Hindi simple postpositions”, in Grammaticalization and the Rise of Configurationality in Indo-Aryan, →ISBN
- ^ Chatterji, Suniti Kumar (1942) Indo-Aryan and Hindi[1], University of Calcutta, page 118
Newar
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g-ni-s ~ s-ni-s.
Pronunciation
[edit]Numeral
[edit]ने • (ne)
Pali
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Alternative forms
Adjective
[edit]ने
- Devanagari script form of ne, which is accusative plural masculine of न (na, “that”)
Pronoun
[edit]ने
- Devanagari script form of ne, which is accusative plural of न (na, “him, it, that”)
Categories:
- Hindi terms borrowed from Haryanvi
- Hindi terms derived from Haryanvi
- Hindi terms derived from Sauraseni Apabhramsa
- Hindi terms derived from Sanskrit
- Hindi terms inherited from Sanskrit
- Sanskrit terms with usage examples
- Hindi terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hindi lemmas
- Hindi postpositions
- Hindi terms with usage examples
- Newar terms inherited from Proto-Sino-Tibetan
- Newar terms derived from Proto-Sino-Tibetan
- Newar terms with IPA pronunciation
- Newar lemmas
- Newar numerals
- Newar cardinal numbers
- Pali non-lemma forms
- Pali adjective forms
- Pali adjective forms in Devanagari script
- Pali pronoun forms