रथ
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Hindi
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Learned borrowing from Sanskrit रथ (rátha), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hrátʰas, from Proto-Indo-European *Hret- (“to roll”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]रथ • (rath) m
- a chariot
- रथ यात्रा ― rath yātrā ― Rath Yatra
Declension
[edit]Declension of रथ (masc cons-stem)
Old Gujarati
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Sanskrit रथ (ratha).
Noun
[edit]रथ • (ratha) m
- chariot
- 1422, unknown, कालिकसूरिकथा :
- पुंतार पुंतारि स्यउं असवार असवारि स्यउं रथ रथि स्यउं पायक पायकि स्यउं युद्ध नीपजावइ।
- puṃtāra puṃtāri syaüṃ asavāra asavāri syaüṃ ratha rathi syaüṃ pāyaka pāyaki syaüṃ yuddha nīpajāvaï.
- Mahout with mahout, rider with rider, chariot with chariot, foot soldier with foot soldier, there was war.
- पुंतार पुंतारि स्यउं असवार असवारि स्यउं रथ रथि स्यउं पायक पायकि स्यउं युद्ध नीपजावइ।
Pali
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Alternative forms
Noun
[edit]रथ m
- Devanagari script form of ratha (“chariot; delight”)
Declension
[edit]Declension table of "रथ" (masculine)
Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative (first) | रथो (ratho) | रथा (rathā) |
Accusative (second) | रथं (rathaṃ) | रथे (rathe) |
Instrumental (third) | रथेन (rathena) | रथेहि (rathehi) or रथेभि (rathebhi) |
Dative (fourth) | रथस्स (rathassa) or रथाय (rathāya) or रथत्थं (rathatthaṃ) | रथानं (rathānaṃ) |
Ablative (fifth) | रथस्मा (rathasmā) or रथम्हा (rathamhā) or रथा (rathā) | रथेहि (rathehi) or रथेभि (rathebhi) |
Genitive (sixth) | रथस्स (rathassa) | रथानं (rathānaṃ) |
Locative (seventh) | रथस्मिं (rathasmiṃ) or रथम्हि (rathamhi) or रथे (rathe) | रथेसु (rathesu) |
Vocative (calling) | रथ (ratha) | रथा (rathā) |
Sanskrit
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Alternative scripts
- ৰথ (Assamese script)
- ᬭᬣ (Balinese script)
- রথ (Bengali script)
- 𑰨𑰞 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀭𑀣 (Brahmi script)
- ရထ (Burmese script)
- રથ (Gujarati script)
- ਰਥ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌰𑌥 (Grantha script)
- ꦫꦡ (Javanese script)
- 𑂩𑂟 (Kaithi script)
- ರಥ (Kannada script)
- រថ (Khmer script)
- ຣຖ (Lao script)
- രഥ (Malayalam script)
- ᡵᠠᡨᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘨𑘞 (Modi script)
- ᠷᠠᠲᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧈𑦾 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐬𑐠 (Newa script)
- ରଥ (Odia script)
- ꢬꢢ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆫𑆡 (Sharada script)
- 𑖨𑖞 (Siddham script)
- රථ (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩼𑩬 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚤𑚚 (Takri script)
- ரத² (Tamil script)
- రథ (Telugu script)
- รถ (Thai script)
- ར་ཐ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒩𑒟 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨫𑨚 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology 1
[edit]From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hrátʰas (“chariot, car”), from Proto-Indo-European *Hróth₂-os, from *Hreth₂- (“to roll”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬭𐬀𐬚𐬀 (raθa, “chariot, car”), Latin rota, Old Irish roth, Old High German rad, Lithuanian ratas.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]रथ • (rátha) stem, m
- chariot, car, especially a two-wheeled war-chariot (lighter and swifter than the अनस् (anas)), any vehicle or equipage or carriage (applied also to the vehicles of the gods), waggon, cart
- warrior, hero, champion
Declension
[edit]Masculine a-stem declension of रथ (rátha) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | रथः ráthaḥ |
रथौ / रथा¹ ráthau / ráthā¹ |
रथाः / रथासः¹ ráthāḥ / ráthāsaḥ¹ |
Vocative | रथ rátha |
रथौ / रथा¹ ráthau / ráthā¹ |
रथाः / रथासः¹ ráthāḥ / ráthāsaḥ¹ |
Accusative | रथम् rátham |
रथौ / रथा¹ ráthau / ráthā¹ |
रथान् ráthān |
Instrumental | रथेन ráthena |
रथाभ्याम् ráthābhyām |
रथैः / रथेभिः¹ ráthaiḥ / ráthebhiḥ¹ |
Dative | रथाय ráthāya |
रथाभ्याम् ráthābhyām |
रथेभ्यः ráthebhyaḥ |
Ablative | रथात् ráthāt |
रथाभ्याम् ráthābhyām |
रथेभ्यः ráthebhyaḥ |
Genitive | रथस्य ráthasya |
रथयोः ráthayoḥ |
रथानाम् ráthānām |
Locative | रथे ráthe |
रथयोः ráthayoḥ |
रथेषु rátheṣu |
Notes |
|
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- → Burmese: ရထား (ra.hta:)
- → Gujarati: રથ (rath)
- → Kannada: ರಥ (ratha)
- → Khmer: រថ (rŭət)
- → Lao: ລົດ (lot), ຣົຖ (rot)
- Pali: ratha
- Prakrit: 𑀭𑀳 (raha)
- Old Gujarati: रह (raha)
- ⇒ Hindustani: rẽṛhū
- → Old Javanese: ratha
- → Kannada: ರಥ (ratha)
- → Malayalam: രഥം (rathaṁ)
- → Sinhalese: රථ (ratha), රථය (rathaya)
- → Tamil: இரதம் (iratam)
- → Telugu: రథము (rathamu)
- → Thai: รถ (rót)
Etymology 2
[edit]From verbal root रम् (ram, “to delight, be glad, rejoice etc.”).
Noun
[edit]रथ • (ratha) stem, m
Declension
[edit]Masculine a-stem declension of रथ (ratha) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | रथः rathaḥ |
रथौ / रथा¹ rathau / rathā¹ |
रथाः / रथासः¹ rathāḥ / rathāsaḥ¹ |
Vocative | रथ ratha |
रथौ / रथा¹ rathau / rathā¹ |
रथाः / रथासः¹ rathāḥ / rathāsaḥ¹ |
Accusative | रथम् ratham |
रथौ / रथा¹ rathau / rathā¹ |
रथान् rathān |
Instrumental | रथेन rathena |
रथाभ्याम् rathābhyām |
रथैः / रथेभिः¹ rathaiḥ / rathebhiḥ¹ |
Dative | रथाय rathāya |
रथाभ्याम् rathābhyām |
रथेभ्यः rathebhyaḥ |
Ablative | रथात् rathāt |
रथाभ्याम् rathābhyām |
रथेभ्यः rathebhyaḥ |
Genitive | रथस्य rathasya |
रथयोः rathayoḥ |
रथानाम् rathānām |
Locative | रथे rathe |
रथयोः rathayoḥ |
रथेषु ratheṣu |
Notes |
|
References
[edit]- Monier Williams (1899) “रथ”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0865.
Categories:
- Hindi terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Hindi terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *Hreth₂-
- Hindi terms borrowed from Sanskrit
- Hindi learned borrowings from Sanskrit
- Hindi terms derived from Sanskrit
- Hindi terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Hindi terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hindi lemmas
- Hindi nouns
- Hindi masculine nouns
- Hindi terms with usage examples
- Hindi masculine consonant-stem nouns
- hi:Vehicles
- Old Gujarati terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Gujarati terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *Hreth₂-
- Old Gujarati terms borrowed from Sanskrit
- Old Gujarati terms derived from Sanskrit
- Old Gujarati lemmas
- Old Gujarati nouns
- Old Gujarati masculine nouns
- Old Gujarati terms with quotations
- Pali lemmas
- Pali nouns
- Pali nouns in Devanagari script
- Pali masculine nouns
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Sanskrit terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *Hreth₂-
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation
- Sanskrit lemmas
- Sanskrit nouns
- Sanskrit nouns in Devanagari script
- Sanskrit masculine nouns
- Sanskrit terms with quotations
- Sanskrit a-stem nouns
- sa:Emotions