北狄

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Chinese

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north barbarians; name of a tribe
trad. (北狄)
simp. #(北狄)
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Pronunciation

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Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Initial () (1) (7)
Final () (131) (127)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division () I IV
Fanqie
Baxter pok dek
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/pək̚/ /dek̚/
Pan
Wuyun
/pək̚/ /dek̚/
Shao
Rongfen
/pək̚/ /dɛk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/pək̚/ /dɛjk̚/
Li
Rong
/pək̚/ /dek̚/
Wang
Li
/pək̚/ /diek̚/
Bernard
Karlgren
/pək̚/ /dʱiek̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
bo
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
bak1 dik6
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
běi
Middle
Chinese
‹ pok › ‹ dek ›
Old
Chinese
/*pˁək/ /*lˁek/
English north (name of a northern tribe)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1 1/1
No. 414 2206
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0 0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*pɯːɡ/ /*deːɡ/

Proper noun

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北狄

  1. (historical) “Northern Barbarians” (non-Chinese ethnic groups living to China's north)

Synonyms

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See also

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  • 南蠻南蛮 (Nánmán, “southern barbarians”)
  • 西戎 (Xīróng, “western barbarians”)
  • 東夷东夷 (Dōngyí, “eastern barbarians”)