嘉絨

Chinese

		phonetic
trad. (嘉絨)		嘉	絨
simp. (嘉绒)		嘉	绒
alternative forms		嘉戎

Etymology

Borrowed from Tibetan རྒྱལ་རོང (rgyal rong).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): Jiāróng

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄚ ㄖㄨㄥˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gaa¹ jung⁴

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: Jiāróng
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄚ ㄖㄨㄥˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: Jiaróng
    • Wade–Giles: Chia¹-jung²
    • Yale: Jyā-rúng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Jiarong
    • Palladius: Цзяжун (Czjažun)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ ʐʊŋ³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: gaa¹ jung⁴
    • Yale: gā yùhng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gaa¹ jung⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: ga¹ yung⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kaː⁵⁵ jʊŋ²¹/

Proper noun

嘉絨

1. (～人, ～族) Rgyalrong people, an unrecognised ethnic group in Sichuan province, China

Noun

嘉絨

1. (～語) Rgyalrong language

   • 從塞擦音的比較看，藏緬語族中只有羌語以及與羌語比較接近的普米、嘉絨等語言分四套塞擦音，其他語支的一般只有三套，有的只有兩套。 [MSC, trad.]
     从塞擦音的比较看，藏缅语族中只有羌语以及与羌语比较接近的普米、嘉绒等语言分四套塞擦音，其他语支的一般只有三套，有的只有两套。 [MSC, simp.]

     From: 1982, 孙宏开, 羌语支属问题初探, in 《民族语文研究文集》, pages 191–192

     Cóng sècāyīn de bǐjiào kàn, Zàng-Miǎn yǔzú zhōng zhǐ yǒu Qiāngyǔ yǐjí yǔ Qiāngyǔ bǐjiào jiējìn de Pǔmǐ, Jiāróng děng yǔyán fēn sì tào sècāyīn, qítā yǔzhī de yībān zhǐ yǒu sān tào, yǒude zhǐ yǒu liǎng tào. [Pinyin]

     Comparing the affricates, in the Tibeto-Burman family, only Qiang and languages that are relatively close to Qiang, like Pumi and Rgyalrong differentiate four sets of affricates; other branches generally only have three sets, and some only have two sets.

   • 藏文創制初期，每個音節的上下前後加字都發音，所以由複輔音構成的音節特別多，據統計僅嘉絨的音節，由複輔音聲母構成的字詞已達200多個。 [MSC, trad.]
     藏文创制初期，每个音节的上下前后加字都发音，所以由复辅音构成的音节特别多，据统计仅嘉绒的音节，由复辅音声母构成的字词已达200多个。 [MSC, simp.]

     From: 2000, 凌立, 丹巴嘉绒藏族的民俗文化概述, in 《西北民族学院学报（哲学社会科学版）》, number 4, page 78

     Zàngwén chuàngzhì chūqī, měi ge yīnjié de shàng xià qián hòu jiā zì dōu fāyīn, suǒyǐ yóu fùfǔyīn gòuchéng de yīnjié tèbié duō, jù tǒngjì jǐn jiāróng de yīnjié, yóu fùfǔyīn shēngmǔ gòuchéng de zìcí yǐ dá 200 duō ge. [Pinyin]

     When written Tibetan was first created, every additional symbol added above, below, before, or after a syllable was pronounced, so there were many syllables with constructed with consonant clusters. According to one count, within the syllables of Rgyalrong, words with consonant clusters were as many as over 200.

   • 與漢藏語系的其他語言相比，嘉絨的聲調系統比較簡單，而且茶堡話進一步地簡化了這個系統，變成了無聲調對立的語言，与古藏文一樣。 [MSC, trad.]
     与汉藏语系的其他语言相比，嘉绒的声调系统比较简单，而且茶堡话进一步地简化了这个系统，变成了无声调对立的语言，与古藏文一样。 [MSC, simp.]

     From: 2008, 向柏霖 [Guillaume Jacques], 《嘉绒语研究》, page 37

     Yǔ Hàn-Zàng yǔxì de qítā yǔyán xiàngbǐ, Jiāróng de shēngdiào xìtǒng bǐjiào jiǎndān, érqiě Chábǎohuà jìnyībù de jiǎnhuà le zhège xìtǒng, biànchéng le wú shēngdiào duìlì de yǔyán, yǔ Gǔ Zàngwén yīyàng. [Pinyin]

     Compared to other languages in the Sino-Tibetan family, the tonal system of Rgyalrong is relatively simple, and Japhug simplified this system even further and became a language without tonal contrasts, like Classical Tibetan.

Derived terms

• 嘉絨語／嘉绒语 (Jiāróngyǔ)