欲す

Japanese

Kanji in this term
欲
ほり Grade: 6
kun’yomi

Etymology

欲り (hori, “want”) +‎ す (su, “to do”)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ho̞ɾʲisɨᵝ]

Verb

欲(ほり)す • (horisu) transitive

1. Classical Japanese form of 欲する (hossuru, “to want”)
   • c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 12, poem 2868:

     己(おの)が命(いのち)を長(なが)く欲(ほり)すれ

     ono ga inochi o nagaku horisure

     (please add an English translation of this example)

Inflection

Classical conjugation of "欲す" (サ行変格活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形)	欲せ	ほりせ	forise
Continuative (連用形)	欲し	ほりし	forisi
Terminal (終止形)	欲す	ほりす	forisu
Attributive (連体形)	欲する	ほりする	forisuru
Realis (已然形)	欲すれ	ほりすれ	forisure
Imperative (命令形)	欲せよ	ほりせよ	foriseyo
Key constructions
Negative	欲せず	ほりせず	forisezu
Contrasting conjunction	欲すれど	ほりすれど	forisuredo
Causal conjunction	欲すれば	ほりすれば	forisureba
Conditional conjunction	欲せば	ほりせば	foriseba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge)	欲しき	ほりしき	forisiki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge)	欲しけり	ほりしけり	forisikeri
Perfect tense (conscious action)	欲しつ	ほりしつ	forisitu
Perfect tense (natural event)	欲しぬ	ほりしぬ	forisinu
Perfect-continuative tense	欲せり 欲したり	ほりせり ほりしたり	foriseri forisitari
Volitional	欲せむ	ほりせむ	forisemu

References

• “欲す”, in デジタル大辞泉 [Digital Daijisen]‎^[1] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, updated roughly every four months