Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/woxtlom

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *wókʷtlom, from the root *wekʷ- (“to utter, voice”). Cognate with Proto-Indo-Iranian *wáktram (“mouth”) (whence Sanskrit वक्त्र (vaktra), Avestan 𐬬𐬀𐬑𐬆𐬜𐬭𐬀 (vaxəδra)).

Noun

*woxtlom n

1. dispute

Declension

Neuter o-stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*woxtlom	*woxtlou	*woxtlā
vocative	*woxtlom	*woxtlou	*woxtlā
accusative	*woxtlom	*woxtlou	*woxtlā
genitive	*woxtlī	*woxtlous	*woxtlom
dative	*woxtlūi	*woxtlobom	*woxtlobos
locative	*woxtlei	*?	*?
instrumental	*woxtlū	*woxtlobim	*woxtlūis

Related terms

• *wekʷos
• *woxsman

Descendants

• Proto-Brythonic: *gwoɨθl
  • Middle Welsh: gwaethl
• Old Irish: focul
  • Irish: focal
  • Manx: fockle
  • Scottish Gaelic: facal

References

• Addenda et corrigenda to Ranko Matasović's Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Brill, Leiden 2009)
• Dictionnaire de la Langue Gauloise, Xavier Delamarre