Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/jainaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From the pronominal Proto-Indo-European *ís; related to Old Church Slavonic онъ (onŭ, “he”), Lithuanian ans (“he”), Latin idem (“the same”), and Sanskrit एना (enā, “that; he”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈjɑi̯.nɑz/

Determiner

*jainaz

1. that over there, yon

Inflection

Declension of *jainaz (a-stem, strong only)

strong declension
	masculine		feminine		neuter
	singular	plural	singular	plural	singular	plural
nominative	*jainaz	*jainai	*jainō	*jainôz	*jainą, *-at(ō)	*jainō
accusative	*jainanǭ	*jainanz	*jainǭ	*jainōz	*jainą, *-at(ō)	*jainō
genitive	*jainas, *jainis	*jainaizǫ̂	*jainaizōz	*jainaizǫ̂	*jainas, *jainis	*jainaizǫ̂
dative	*jainammai	*jainaimaz	*jainaizōi	*jainaimaz	*jainammai	*jainaimaz
instrumental	*jainanō	*jainaimiz	*jainaizō	*jainaimiz	*jainanō	*jainaimiz

Related terms

• *jainar

Descendants

The derivation of Proto-Norse *ᚺᛁᚾᚨᛉ (*hinaʀ) from this word is very uncertain.

• Proto-West Germanic: *jain
  • Old English: ġeon
    • Middle English: yon, gion, ȝen, ȝene, ȝeon, ȝhone, ȝon, ȝone, ȝonne, ȝyn, yhon, yoene, yone
      • English: yon
        • ⇒ English: thon (under the influence of this, that)
      • Scots: yon, thon
  • Old Frisian: jen, jena
    • Saterland Frisian: juns
    • West Frisian: jinge; itjinge
  • (Old Saxon: ginuwar, genower; gendro)
    • (Middle Low German: ginder, gender)
      • (German Low German: günt, günners, günnert, etc.)
  • Old Dutch: *gēn
    • Middle Dutch: gene, ghene
      • Dutch: ginds, geen, gene
  • Old High German: jenēr
    • Middle High German: jener, ener
      • Alemannic German: ääne
      • German: jener
      • Yiddish: יענער (yener)
• >? Proto-Norse: *ᚺᛁᚾᚨᛉ (*hīnaʀ)
  • Old Norse: hinn, inn, enn, -inn
    • Icelandic: enn, inn, hinn, -inn
    • Faroese: -in, hin
    • Norwegian Nynorsk: -en, hin
    • Swedish: -en
    • Danish: -en, hin
      • Norwegian Bokmål: -en, hin
• Gothic: 𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍃 (jains)

References

• The Indo-European Languages (2015, →ISBN, page 401: In addition we have *jainaz > Goth. jains, OEng. geon (> Eng. yon), OHG jener (= Ger.) 'that man'.