Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/twifaldaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *twi- +‎ *-falþaz.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtwi.ˌɸɑl.ðɑz/

Adjective

*twifaldaz

1. twofold; double

Inflection

Declension of *twifaldaz (a-stem)

Strong declension
Case	Masculine		Feminine		Neuter
	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*twifaldaz	*twifaldai	*twifaldō	*twifaldôz	*twifaldą, -atō	*twifaldō
Accusative	*twifaldanǭ	*twifaldanz	*twifaldǭ	*twifaldōz	*twifaldą, -atō	*twifaldō
Genitive	*twifaldas, -is	*twifaldaizǫ̂	*twifaldaizōz	*twifaldaizǫ̂	*twifaldas, -is	*twifaldaizǫ̂
Dative	*twifaldammai	*twifaldaimaz	*twifaldaizōi	*twifaldaimaz	*twifaldammai	*twifaldaimaz
Instrumental	*twifaldanō	*twifaldaimiz	*twifaldaizō	*twifaldaimiz	*twifaldanō	*twifaldaimiz
Weak declension
Case	Masculine		Feminine		Neuter
	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*twifaldô	*twifaldaniz	*twifaldǭ	*twifaldōniz	*twifaldô	*twifaldōnō
Accusative	*twifaldanų	*twifaldanunz	*twifaldōnų	*twifaldōnunz	*twifaldô	*twifaldōnō
Genitive	*twifaldiniz	*twifaldanǫ̂	*twifaldōniz	*twifaldōnǫ̂	*twifaldiniz	*twifaldanǫ̂
Dative	*twifaldini	*twifaldammaz	*twifaldōni	*twifaldōmaz	*twifaldini	*twifaldammaz
Instrumental	*twifaldinē	*twifaldammiz	*twifaldōnē	*twifaldōmiz	*twifaldinē	*twifaldammiz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *twifald
  • Old English: twifeald
    • Middle English: twifald, twifold
      • English: twifold
  • Old Frisian: twifald
    • ⇒ Old Frisian: twifaldich, twifaldech
  • Old Saxon: *twifald
    • ⇒ Old Saxon: *twifaldig
      • Middle Low German: twēvaldich, twēvēldich, twēvōldich
  • Old Dutch: twifald
    • Middle Dutch: twevout
      • Dutch: tweevoud
  • Old High German: zwifalt
    • Middle High German: zwifalt, zwivalt
      • German: zwiefalt
    • ⇒ Old High German: unzwifalt
    • ⇒ Old High German: zwifaltlīh
• Old Norse: tvífaldr
  • Icelandic: tvífaldur, tvöfaldur
  • ⇒ Swedish: tvåfaldig