Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/námati

This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *ném-e-ti, from *nem-

Verb

*námati

1. to bend, bow

Inflection

    Nonfinite forms of *námati

Infinitive	*nántum
Gerund	*natwáH
Past passive participle	*natás
Future passive participle	*námyas

    Present forms of *námati

	Active			Middle			Passive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Indicative
1st	*námaHmi	*námaHwas	*námaHmas	*námay	*namáHwadʰHay	*namáHmadʰHay	*namyáy	*namyáHwadʰHay	*namyáHmadʰHay
2nd	*námasi	*námatʰas	*námatʰa	*námasay	*námaytʰay	*námadʰway	*namyásay	*namyáytʰay	*namyádʰway
3rd	*námati	*námatas	*námanti	*námatay	*námaytay	*námantay	*namyátay	*namyáytay	*namyántay
Imperative
1st	*námaHni	*námaHwa	*námaHma	*námaHy	*namáHwadʰHaHy	*namáHmadʰHaHy	*namyáHy	*namyáHwadʰHaHy	*namyáHmadʰHaHy
2nd	*náma	*námatam	*námata	*námaswa	*námaytʰām	*námadʰwam	*namyáswa	*namyáytʰām	*namyádʰwam
3rd	*námatu	*námatām	*námantu	*námatām	*námaytām	*námantam	*namyátām	*namyáytām	*namyántam
Optative
1st	*námayHam	*námaywa	*námaymas	*námayHa	*namáywadʰHi	*namáymadʰHi	*namyáyHa	*namyáywadʰHi	*namyáymadʰHi
2nd	*námays	*námaytam	*námayta	*námaytʰās	*namáyHātʰām	*námaydʰwam	*namyáytʰās	*namyáyHātʰām	*namyáydʰwam
3rd	*námayt	*námaytām	*námayHunt	*námayta	*namáyHātām	*námayrant	*namyáyta	*namyáyHātām	*namyáyrant
Participles	*námant			*námamHnas			*namyámHnas

    Imperfect forms of *námati

	Active			Middle			Passive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Indicative
1st	*ánamam	*anámaHwa	*anámaHma	*ánamay	*anamáHwadʰHi	*anamáHmadʰHi	*anamyáy	*anamyáHwadʰHi	*anamyáHmadʰHi
2nd	*ánamas	*anámatam	*anámata	*anámatʰās	*anámaytʰām	*anámadʰwam	*anamyátʰās	*anamyáytʰām	*anamyádʰwam
3rd	*ánamat	*anámatām	*ánamant	*anámata	*anámaytām	*anámanta	*anamyáta	*anamyáytām	*anamyánta

Descendants

• Proto-Indo-Aryan: *námati
  • Sanskrit: नमति (námati)
    • Pali: namati
    • Magadhi Prakrit:
      • Odia: ନଇଁବା (nôĩba)
    • Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀡𑀫𑀇 (ṇamaï)
      • Old Marathi: 𑘩𑘪𑘜𑘹 (lavaṇe)
        • Marathi: लवणे (lavṇe)
    • Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀡𑀫𑀤𑀺 (ṇamadi)
      • Gujarati: નમવું (namvũ)
      • Hindi: नौना (naunā)
      • Urdu: نَونَا (naunā)
      • Nepali: नुहुनु (nuhunu)
• Proto-Iranian: *námati
  • Central Iranian:
    • Younger Avestan: 𐬥𐬆𐬨𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬈 (nəmaⁱte)
  • Northeastern Iranian:
    • Late Khotanese: [script needed] (nonda-), [script needed] (nauda-, “obeisance, worship”)
    • Sogdian:

      Sogdian script: 𐼻𐼺𐼰𐼴 (nmʾw, 1sg.pres.inj.)

      Old Sogdian script: 𐼎𐼍𐼀𐼊 (nmʾy, 2sg.pres.opt.)

      Syriac script: ܢܡܬܝܣܩ (nmtysq, 3sg.pres.dur.)

  • Northwestern Iranian:
    • Gurani: نەمای (namāy), نامیای (nāmyāy, “to bend down”)
    • Kurdish:

      Central Kurdish: نەوین (newîn)

      Southern Kurdish: نەمیان (nemyan)

  • Southwestern Iranian:
    • Classical Persian: نمیدن (namīdan, “to bend (down); to pay attation”)
  • ⇒ Proto-Iranian: *Hapanámati
    • Avestan: 𐬀𐬞𐬀𐬥𐬆𐬨𐬀𐬙𐬀 (apanəmata, 3sg.med.inj.)
    • Middle Persian:

      Manichaean: 𐫀𐫁𐫗𐫀𐫖𐫀𐫅 (ʾbnʾmʾd)

    • Parthian:

      Parthian: 𐫀𐫁𐫗𐫜𐫤 (ʾbnft /⁠aβnaft⁠/, “to withdraw, depart”, perf.pass.)