Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/swáydas
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Proto-Indo-Iranian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Indo-European *swóyd-o-s, from *sweyd- (“to sweat”).
Noun
[edit]*swáydas m[1]
Declension
[edit]masculine a-stem | |||
---|---|---|---|
singular | dual | plural | |
nominative | *swáydas | *swáydā | *swáydā, -ās(as) |
vocative | *swáyda | *swáydā | *swáydā, -ās(as) |
accusative | *swáydam | *swáydā | *swáydāns |
instrumental | *swáydā | *swáydaybʰyaH, -ābʰyām | *swáydāyš |
ablative | *swáydāt | *swáydaybʰyaH, -ābʰyām | *swáydaybʰyas |
dative | *swáydāy | *swáydaybʰyaH, -ābʰyām | *swáydaybʰyas |
genitive | *swáydasya | *swáydayās | *swáydāna(H)m |
locative | *swáyday | *swáydayaw | *swáydayšu |
Descendants
[edit]- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *swáydas
- Sanskrit: स्वेद (svéda)
- Proto-Iranian: *hwáydah (“sweat”)
- Avestan: 𐬑𐬬𐬀𐬉𐬛𐬀 (xvaēda)
- → Middle Persian: [Term?] (/xwēd/, “moistness (ancient natural science);damp, moist, fresh”)
- Khotanese: 𐨱𐨿𐨬𐨁𐨌 (hvī)
- Wakhi: خیل (ẋil)
- Khwarezmian: خیل (xyl /*xēl/)
- Pashto: خوله (xwala)
- Ormuri: خوله (xōla)
- Baluchi: ہید (hed)
- Kurdish:
- Middle Persian: (/xwēy/, “sweat, perspiration”)
- Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (hwyd)
- Pazend script: 𐬓𐬀𐬈 (xᵛae)
- Avestan: 𐬑𐬬𐬀𐬉𐬛𐬀 (xvaēda)
- Proto-Nuristani: (< *āswáydas)[2]
References
[edit]- ^ Sadovski, Velizar (2017–2018) “Chapter VI: Iranian”, in Klein, Jared S., Joseph, Brian D., Fritz, Matthias, editors, Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics: An International Handbook (Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft [Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science]; 41.2), Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter Mouton, →ISBN, § The lexicon of Iranian, page 582: “PIIr. *su̯ái̯da-”
- ^ Strand, Richard F. (2016) “âsveda”, in Nûristânî Etymological Lexicon[1]