Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/-de

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This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Akin to Proto-Mongolic *-du (locative and dative suffix), Proto-Tungusic *-dū (locative and dative suffix), Proto-Uralic *-ta (ablative suffix). (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)

Suffix

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*-de

  1. Used to form locative and ablative of nouns.
    *eb (house) + ‎*-de → ‎*ebde (in the house/from the house)

Usage notes

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  1. Contrary to modern usages, as in Old Turkic and Bulgar language, the consonants l, r and n are followed by the strong consonant form; remaining sounds are followed by the soft consonant form. For example;
    *ol (third person singular) + ‎*-de → ‎*anta (there)

Derived terms

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  • *-ni (accusative case)
  • *-ka (dative case)
  • *-niŋ (genitive case)
  • *-den (ablative case)
  • *-gerü (allative case)
  • *-če (equative case)

Descendants

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  • Oghur:
    • Chuvash: -те (-te), -ре (-re)
  • Common Turkic:
  • Arghu:
    • Khalaj: -də (ablative suffix)
  • Oghuz:
    • Old Anatolian Turkish: [script needed] (-de)
    • Turkmen: -de
    • Salar: -de
  • Karluk:
    • Karakhanid:
  • Kipchak:
  • Siberian:
    • Old Turkic: 𐱅𐰀- (-te, locative and ablative suffix)
    • North Siberian:
    • South Siberian:

References

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  • Erdal, Marcel (2004) “+dA”, in A Grammar of Old Turkic (Handbook of Oriental Studies. Section 8 Uralic & Central Asian Studies; 3), Brill Academic Publishers, →ISBN, page 173
  • Krueger, John Richard (1961) Chuvash Manual: Introduction, Grammar, Reader, and Vocabulary (Uralic and Altaic Series; 7), Indiana University, →ISBN, page 105