astreindre
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French
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Old French astreindre, from Latin astringere (“bind, tighten”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Audio: (file)
Verb
[edit]astreindre
- (transitive) to constrain, compel
Conjugation
[edit]This verb is conjugated like peindre. It uses the same endings as rendre or vendre, but its -nd- becomes -gn- before a vowel, and its past participle ends in 't' instead of a vowel.
Conjugation of astreindre (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | astreindre | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | astreignant /as.tʁɛ.ɲɑ̃/ or /as.tʁe.ɲɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | astreint /as.tʁɛ̃/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | astreins /as.tʁɛ̃/ |
astreins /as.tʁɛ̃/ |
astreint /as.tʁɛ̃/ |
astreignons /as.tʁɛ.ɲɔ̃/ or /as.tʁe.ɲɔ̃/ |
astreignez /as.tʁɛ.ɲe/ or /as.tʁe.ɲe/ |
astreignent /as.tʁɛɲ/ |
| imperfect | astreignais /as.tʁɛ.ɲɛ/ or /as.tʁe.ɲɛ/ |
astreignais /as.tʁɛ.ɲɛ/ or /as.tʁe.ɲɛ/ |
astreignait /as.tʁɛ.ɲɛ/ or /as.tʁe.ɲɛ/ |
astreignions /as.tʁɛ.ɲjɔ̃/ or /as.tʁe.ɲjɔ̃/ |
astreigniez /as.tʁɛ.ɲje/ or /as.tʁe.ɲje/ |
astreignaient /as.tʁɛ.ɲɛ/ or /as.tʁe.ɲɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | astreignis /as.tʁɛ.ɲi/ or /as.tʁe.ɲi/ |
astreignis /as.tʁɛ.ɲi/ or /as.tʁe.ɲi/ |
astreignit /as.tʁɛ.ɲi/ or /as.tʁe.ɲi/ |
astreignîmes /as.tʁɛ.ɲim/ or /as.tʁe.ɲim/ |
astreignîtes /as.tʁɛ.ɲit/ or /as.tʁe.ɲit/ |
astreignirent /as.tʁɛ.ɲiʁ/ or /as.tʁe.ɲiʁ/ | |
| future | astreindrai /as.tʁɛ̃.dʁe/ |
astreindras /as.tʁɛ̃.dʁa/ |
astreindra /as.tʁɛ̃.dʁa/ |
astreindrons /as.tʁɛ̃.dʁɔ̃/ |
astreindrez /as.tʁɛ̃.dʁe/ |
astreindront /as.tʁɛ̃.dʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | astreindrais /as.tʁɛ̃.dʁɛ/ |
astreindrais /as.tʁɛ̃.dʁɛ/ |
astreindrait /as.tʁɛ̃.dʁɛ/ |
astreindrions /as.tʁɛ̃.dʁi.jɔ̃/ |
astreindriez /as.tʁɛ̃.dʁi.je/ |
astreindraient /as.tʁɛ̃.dʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | astreigne /as.tʁɛɲ/ |
astreignes /as.tʁɛɲ/ |
astreigne /as.tʁɛɲ/ |
astreignions /as.tʁɛ.ɲjɔ̃/ or /as.tʁe.ɲjɔ̃/ |
astreigniez /as.tʁɛ.ɲje/ or /as.tʁe.ɲje/ |
astreignent /as.tʁɛɲ/ |
| imperfect2 | astreignisse /as.tʁɛ.ɲis/ or /as.tʁe.ɲis/ |
astreignisses /as.tʁɛ.ɲis/ or /as.tʁe.ɲis/ |
astreignît /as.tʁɛ.ɲi/ or /as.tʁe.ɲi/ |
astreignissions /as.tʁɛ.ɲi.sjɔ̃/ or /as.tʁe.ɲi.sjɔ̃/ |
astreignissiez /as.tʁɛ.ɲi.sje/ or /as.tʁe.ɲi.sje/ |
astreignissent /as.tʁɛ.ɲis/ or /as.tʁe.ɲis/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | astreins /as.tʁɛ̃/ |
— | astreignons /as.tʁɛ.ɲɔ̃/ or /as.tʁe.ɲɔ̃/ |
astreignez /as.tʁɛ.ɲe/ or /as.tʁe.ɲe/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “astreindre”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.