câliner
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French
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Via Old French from Vulgar Latin *calina, which is from Latin calidus (“warm”).[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]câliner
- to be physically affectionate; to cuddle
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of câliner (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | câliner | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | câlinant /ka.li.nɑ̃/ or /kɑ.li.nɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | câliné /ka.li.ne/ or /kɑ.li.ne/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | câline /ka.lin/ or /kɑ.lin/ |
câlines /ka.lin/ or /kɑ.lin/ |
câline /ka.lin/ or /kɑ.lin/ |
câlinons /ka.li.nɔ̃/ or /kɑ.li.nɔ̃/ |
câlinez /ka.li.ne/ or /kɑ.li.ne/ |
câlinent /ka.lin/ or /kɑ.lin/ |
| imperfect | câlinais /ka.li.nɛ/ or /kɑ.li.nɛ/ |
câlinais /ka.li.nɛ/ or /kɑ.li.nɛ/ |
câlinait /ka.li.nɛ/ or /kɑ.li.nɛ/ |
câlinions /ka.li.njɔ̃/ or /kɑ.li.njɔ̃/ |
câliniez /ka.li.nje/ or /kɑ.li.nje/ |
câlinaient /ka.li.nɛ/ or /kɑ.li.nɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | câlinai /ka.li.ne/ or /kɑ.li.ne/ |
câlinas /ka.li.na/ or /kɑ.li.na/ |
câlina /ka.li.na/ or /kɑ.li.na/ |
câlinâmes /ka.li.nam/ or /kɑ.li.nam/ |
câlinâtes /ka.li.nat/ or /kɑ.li.nat/ |
câlinèrent /ka.li.nɛʁ/ or /kɑ.li.nɛʁ/ | |
| future | câlinerai /ka.lin.ʁe/ or /kɑ.lin.ʁe/ |
câlineras /ka.lin.ʁa/ or /kɑ.lin.ʁa/ |
câlinera /ka.lin.ʁa/ or /kɑ.lin.ʁa/ |
câlinerons /ka.lin.ʁɔ̃/ or /kɑ.lin.ʁɔ̃/ |
câlinerez /ka.lin.ʁe/ or /kɑ.lin.ʁe/ |
câlineront /ka.lin.ʁɔ̃/ or /kɑ.lin.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | câlinerais /ka.lin.ʁɛ/ or /kɑ.lin.ʁɛ/ |
câlinerais /ka.lin.ʁɛ/ or /kɑ.lin.ʁɛ/ |
câlinerait /ka.lin.ʁɛ/ or /kɑ.lin.ʁɛ/ |
câlinerions /ka.li.nə.ʁjɔ̃/ or /kɑ.li.nə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
câlineriez /ka.li.nə.ʁje/ or /kɑ.li.nə.ʁje/ |
câlineraient /ka.lin.ʁɛ/ or /kɑ.lin.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | câline /ka.lin/ or /kɑ.lin/ |
câlines /ka.lin/ or /kɑ.lin/ |
câline /ka.lin/ or /kɑ.lin/ |
câlinions /ka.li.njɔ̃/ or /kɑ.li.njɔ̃/ |
câliniez /ka.li.nje/ or /kɑ.li.nje/ |
câlinent /ka.lin/ or /kɑ.lin/ |
| imperfect2 | câlinasse /ka.li.nas/ or /kɑ.li.nas/ |
câlinasses /ka.li.nas/ or /kɑ.li.nas/ |
câlinât /ka.li.na/ or /kɑ.li.na/ |
câlinassions /ka.li.na.sjɔ̃/ or /kɑ.li.na.sjɔ̃/ |
câlinassiez /ka.li.na.sje/ or /kɑ.li.na.sje/ |
câlinassent /ka.li.nas/ or /kɑ.li.nas/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | câline /ka.lin/ or /kɑ.lin/ |
— | câlinons /ka.li.nɔ̃/ or /kɑ.li.nɔ̃/ |
câlinez /ka.li.ne/ or /kɑ.li.ne/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Related terms
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Berns, Jacobs, Scheer, Romance Languages and Linguistic Theory 2009: Selected Papers from "Going Romance" Nice 2009
- ^ “câliner”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.