chật vật

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Vietnamese

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Etymology

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ch- reduplication of vật (“to wrestle”), with semantic influence from chật (“tight, narrow”).

Pronunciation

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  • (Hà Nội) IPA(key): [t͡ɕət̚˧˨ʔ vət̚˧˨ʔ]
  • (Huế) IPA(key): [t͡ɕək̚˨˩ʔ vək̚˨˩ʔ]
  • (Saigon) IPA(key): [cək̚˨˩˨ vək̚˨˩˨] ~ [cək̚˨˩˨ jək̚˨˩˨] invalid IPA characters (][)

Adjective

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chật vật • (𡒻𢪱)

  1. strenuous; arduous; toilsome; laborious; strugglesome (especially of life itself)

Adverb

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chất vật • (𡒻𢪱)

  1. strenuously; arduously; laboriously
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