cland

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Old Irish

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Old Welsh plant (with phonemic substitution of /p/ with /k/ as the former was not a phoneme of Primitive Irish), from Latin planta.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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cland f (genitive clainde, nominative plural clanda)

  1. children
    • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 10a5
      Mainip in chrud so bid anglan for cland, .i. a lliles dind ancretmiuch bid ancretmech.
      Unless it is in this way, your children will be unclean, i.e. whatever follows the unbelieving will be unbelieving.
    • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 19c20
      Má nudub·feil i n‑ellug coirp Críst, adib cland Abrache amal ṡodin, et it sib ata chomarpi Abracham.
      If you pl are in the union of the body of Christ, you are Abraham’s children in that case, and it is you who are Abraham’s heirs.
    • c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 129c8
      in tan ṁberes claind, is fáilid íar sin
      when she bears children, she is joyous after that
  2. family
  3. offspring
  4. plant

Inflection

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Feminine ā-stem
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative clandL claindL clandaH
Vocative clandL claindL clandaH
Accusative claindN claindL clandaH
Genitive claindeH clandL clandN
Dative claindL clandaib clandaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization

Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • Middle Irish: clann
    • Irish: clann
    • Manx: cloan
    • Scottish Gaelic: clann
      • English: clan (see there for further descendants)

Mutation

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Old Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Nasalization
cland chland cland
pronounced with /ɡ(ʲ)-/
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.