gorwedd
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Welsh
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle Welsh gorweð; cognate with Cornish growethe, Middle Breton gouruez, modern Breton gourvez.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]gorwedd (first-person singular present gorweddaf)
- to lie down
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation (literary)
| singular | plural | impersonal | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | |||
| present indicative/future | gorweddaf | gorweddi | gorwedd, gorwedda | gorweddwn | gorweddwch | gorweddant | gorweddir | |
| imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/ conditional |
gorweddwn | gorweddit | gorweddai | gorweddem | gorweddech | gorweddent | gorweddid | |
| preterite | gorweddais | gorweddaist | gorweddodd | gorweddasom | gorweddasoch | gorweddasant | gorweddwyd | |
| pluperfect | gorweddaswn | gorweddasit | gorweddasai | gorweddasem | gorweddasech | gorweddasent | gorweddasid, gorweddesid | |
| present subjunctive | gorweddwyf | gorweddych | gorweddo | gorweddom | gorweddoch | gorweddont | gorwedder | |
| imperative | — | gorwedd, gorwedda | gorwedded | gorweddwn | gorweddwch | gorweddent | gorwedder | |
| verbal noun | gorwedd | |||||||
| verbal adjectives | gorweddedig gorweddadwy | |||||||
Conjugation (colloquial)
| Inflected colloquial forms | singular | plural | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | |
| future | gorwedda i, gorweddaf i | gorweddi di | gorweddith o/e/hi, gorweddiff e/hi | gorweddwn ni | gorweddwch chi | gorweddan nhw |
| conditional | gorweddwn i, gorweddswn i | gorweddet ti, gorweddset ti | gorweddai fo/fe/hi, gorweddsai fo/fe/hi | gorwedden ni, gorweddsen ni | gorweddech chi, gorweddsech chi | gorwedden nhw, gorweddsen nhw |
| preterite | gorweddais i, gorweddes i | gorweddaist ti, gorweddest ti | gorweddodd o/e/hi | gorweddon ni | gorweddoch chi | gorweddon nhw |
| imperative | — | gorwedda | — | — | gorweddwch | — |
| Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh. | ||||||
Derived terms
[edit]Mutation
[edit]| Welsh mutation | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
| gorwedd | orwedd | ngorwedd | unchanged |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | |||
Further reading
[edit]- R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “gorweddaf”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies