lazimisha

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Swahili

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Etymology

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From -lazima (must) +‎ -isha (causative affix).

Pronunciation

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  • Audio (Kenya):(file)

Verb

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-lazimisha (infinitive kulazimisha)

  1. Causative form of lazima: to force, compel, oblige, require

Conjugation

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Conjugation of -lazimisha
Positive present -nalazimisha
Subjunctive -lazimishe
Negative -lazimishi
Imperative singular lazimisha
Infinitives
Positive kulazimisha
Negative kutolazimisha
Imperatives
Singular lazimisha
Plural lazimisheni
Tensed forms
Habitual hulazimisha
Positive past positive subject concord + -lilazimisha
Negative past negative subject concord + -kulazimisha
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nalazimisha)
Singular Plural
1st person ninalazimisha/nalazimisha tunalazimisha
2nd person unalazimisha mnalazimisha
3rd person m-wa(I/II) analazimisha wanalazimisha
other classes positive subject concord + -nalazimisha
Negative present (negative subject concord + -lazimishi)
Singular Plural
1st person silazimishi hatulazimishi
2nd person hulazimishi hamlazimishi
3rd person m-wa(I/II) halazimishi hawalazimishi
other classes negative subject concord + -lazimishi
Positive future positive subject concord + -talazimisha
Negative future negative subject concord + -talazimisha
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -lazimishe)
Singular Plural
1st person nilazimishe tulazimishe
2nd person ulazimishe mlazimishe
3rd person m-wa(I/II) alazimishe walazimishe
other classes positive subject concord + -lazimishe
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -silazimishe
Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngelazimisha
Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singelazimisha
Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalilazimisha
Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalilazimisha
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -alazimisha)
Singular Plural
1st person nalazimisha twalazimisha
2nd person walazimisha mwalazimisha
3rd person m-wa(I/II) alazimisha walazimisha
m-mi(III/IV) walazimisha yalazimisha
ji-ma(V/VI) lalazimisha yalazimisha
ki-vi(VII/VIII) chalazimisha vyalazimisha
n(IX/X) yalazimisha zalazimisha
u(XI) walazimisha see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) kwalazimisha
pa(XVI) palazimisha
mu(XVIII) mwalazimisha
Perfect positive subject concord + -melazimisha
"Already" positive subject concord + -meshalazimisha
"Not yet" negative subject concord + -jalazimisha
"If/When" positive subject concord + -kilazimisha
"If not" positive subject concord + -sipolazimisha
Consecutive kalazimisha / positive subject concord + -kalazimisha
Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kalazimishe
Object concord (indicative positive)
Singular Plural
1st person -nilazimisha -tulazimisha
2nd person -kulazimisha -walazimisha/-kulazimisheni/-walazimisheni
3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mlazimisha -walazimisha
m-mi(III/IV) -ulazimisha -ilazimisha
ji-ma(V/VI) -lilazimisha -yalazimisha
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kilazimisha -vilazimisha
n(IX/X) -ilazimisha -zilazimisha
u(XI) -ulazimisha see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kulazimisha
pa(XVI) -palazimisha
mu(XVIII) -mulazimisha
Reflexive -jilazimisha
Relative forms
General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -lazimisha- + relative marker)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -lazimishaye -lazimishao
m-mi(III/IV) -lazimishao -lazimishayo
ji-ma(V/VI) -lazimishalo -lazimishayo
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -lazimishacho -lazimishavyo
n(IX/X) -lazimishayo -lazimishazo
u(XI) -lazimishao see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -lazimishako
pa(XVI) -lazimishapo
mu(XVIII) -lazimishamo
Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -lazimisha)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -yelazimisha -olazimisha
m-mi(III/IV) -olazimisha -yolazimisha
ji-ma(V/VI) -lolazimisha -yolazimisha
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -cholazimisha -vyolazimisha
n(IX/X) -yolazimisha -zolazimisha
u(XI) -olazimisha see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kolazimisha
pa(XVI) -polazimisha
mu(XVIII) -molazimisha
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.