maḫrum

See also: mahrum, maḫrûm, and məhrum

Akkadian

Root
m-ḫ-r
4 terms

Etymology

Compare Sabaean 𐩣𐩭𐩧 (mḫr, “to face, oppose, fight”) and Soqotri [script needed] (meḥor, “to offer”).

Pronunciation

• (Old Babylonian) IPA^(key): /ˈmaχ.rum/

Noun

maḫrum m (construct state maḫar) (from Old Akkadian on)

1. (place) front, presence

   𒀀𒉿𒀀𒌈 𒈠𒄯 𒂗𒅀 𒂵𒄠𒊏𒄣

   [awâtum maḫar bēlīya gamrākum]

   a-wa-a-tum ma-ḫar EN-ia ga-am-ra-kum

   The affairs have been settled for you before my lord.

   𒌨𒊏𒄠 𒈠𒄴𒊑𒅗 𒀀𒈾𒀀𒆪

   [urram maḫrīka anāku]

   ur-ra-am ma-aḫ-ri-ka a-na-a-ku

   Tomorrow I will be with you.

2. (time) past, bygone time

Alternative forms

• maḫru (non-mimated)

Cuneiform spellings

Logograms	Phonetic
𒅆 (IGI)	𒈠𒄴𒊒 (ma-aḫ-ru) 𒈤𒊒 (maḫ-ru) 𒈠𒄩𒅈 (ma-ḫa-ar) (construct state) 𒈠𒄯 (ma-ḫar) (construct state)

Derived terms

• maḫriš
• maḫrûm
• maḫrātum

 

Related terms

• adi maḫar (“up to, in the direction of”)
• ana maḫar (“before, into the presence of”)
• ina maḫar (“before, in the presence of”)

 

References

• “maḫru”, in The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago (CAD)‎^[1], Chicago: University of Chicago Oriental Institute, 1956–2011
• Black, Jeremy, George, Andrew, Postgate, Nicholas (2000) “maḫru(m”, in A Concise Dictionary of Akkadian, 2nd corrected edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz Verlag
• Huehnergard, John (2011) A Grammar of Akkadian (Harvard Semitic Studies; 45), 3rd edition, Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns