proroger

French

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin prōrogāre.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pʁɔ.ʁɔ.ʒe/

• Audio:

  (file)

Verb

proroger

1. to extend
2. to defer, put back
3. to adjourn
4. (politics) to prorogue

Conjugation

This is a regular -er verb, but the stem is written proroge- before endings that begin with -a- or -o- (to indicate that the -g- is a "soft" /ʒ/ and not a "hard" /ɡ/). This spelling-change occurs in all verbs in -ger, such as neiger and manger.

Conjugation of proroger (see also Appendix:French verbs)

infinitive	simple	proroger
	compound	avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1	simple	prorogeant /pʁɔ.ʁɔ.ʒɑ̃/
	compound	ayant + past participle
past participle		prorogé /pʁɔ.ʁɔ.ʒe/
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		je (j’)	tu	il, elle, on	nous	vous	ils, elles
(simple tenses)	present	proroge /pʁɔ.ʁɔʒ/	proroges /pʁɔ.ʁɔʒ/	proroge /pʁɔ.ʁɔʒ/	prorogeons /pʁɔ.ʁɔ.ʒɔ̃/	prorogez /pʁɔ.ʁɔ.ʒe/	prorogent /pʁɔ.ʁɔʒ/
	imperfect	prorogeais /pʁɔ.ʁɔ.ʒɛ/	prorogeais /pʁɔ.ʁɔ.ʒɛ/	prorogeait /pʁɔ.ʁɔ.ʒɛ/	prorogions /pʁɔ.ʁɔ.ʒjɔ̃/	prorogiez /pʁɔ.ʁɔ.ʒje/	prorogeaient /pʁɔ.ʁɔ.ʒɛ/
	past historic2	prorogeai /pʁɔ.ʁɔ.ʒe/	prorogeas /pʁɔ.ʁɔ.ʒa/	prorogea /pʁɔ.ʁɔ.ʒa/	prorogeâmes /pʁɔ.ʁɔ.ʒam/	prorogeâtes /pʁɔ.ʁɔ.ʒat/	prorogèrent /pʁɔ.ʁɔ.ʒɛʁ/
	future	prorogerai /pʁɔ.ʁɔʒ.ʁe/	prorogeras /pʁɔ.ʁɔʒ.ʁa/	prorogera /pʁɔ.ʁɔʒ.ʁa/	prorogerons /pʁɔ.ʁɔʒ.ʁɔ̃/	prorogerez /pʁɔ.ʁɔʒ.ʁe/	prorogeront /pʁɔ.ʁɔʒ.ʁɔ̃/
	conditional	prorogerais /pʁɔ.ʁɔʒ.ʁɛ/	prorogerais /pʁɔ.ʁɔʒ.ʁɛ/	prorogerait /pʁɔ.ʁɔʒ.ʁɛ/	prorogerions /pʁɔ.ʁɔ.ʒə.ʁjɔ̃/	prorogeriez /pʁɔ.ʁɔ.ʒə.ʁje/	prorogeraient /pʁɔ.ʁɔʒ.ʁɛ/
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior2	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que je (j’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	proroge /pʁɔ.ʁɔʒ/	proroges /pʁɔ.ʁɔʒ/	proroge /pʁɔ.ʁɔʒ/	prorogions /pʁɔ.ʁɔ.ʒjɔ̃/	prorogiez /pʁɔ.ʁɔ.ʒje/	prorogent /pʁɔ.ʁɔʒ/
	imperfect2	prorogeasse /pʁɔ.ʁɔ.ʒas/	prorogeasses /pʁɔ.ʁɔ.ʒas/	prorogeât /pʁɔ.ʁɔ.ʒa/	prorogeassions /pʁɔ.ʁɔ.ʒa.sjɔ̃/	prorogeassiez /pʁɔ.ʁɔ.ʒa.sje/	prorogeassent /pʁɔ.ʁɔ.ʒas/
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect2	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	proroge /pʁɔ.ʁɔʒ/	—	prorogeons /pʁɔ.ʁɔ.ʒɔ̃/	prorogez /pʁɔ.ʁɔ.ʒe/	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way: past historic → present perfect past anterior → pluperfect imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Further reading

• “proroger”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Latin

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈproː.ro.ɡer/, [ˈproːrɔɡɛr]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈpro.ro.d͡ʒer/, [ˈprɔːrod͡ʒer]

Verb

prōroger

1. first-person singular present passive subjunctive of prōrogō