shukuru

Swahili

Etymology

From Arabic شُكْر (šukr, “thankfulness, gratitude”).

Pronunciation

• Audio (Kenya):

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Verb

-shukuru (infinitive kushukuru)

1. to thank

Conjugation

Conjugation of -shukuru
Positive present -nashukuru Subjunctive -shukuru Negative -shukuru Imperative singular shukuru
Infinitives
Positive kushukuru Negative kutoshukuru
Imperatives
Singular shukuru Plural shukuruni
Tensed forms
Habitual hushukuru Positive past positive subject concord + -lishukuru Negative past negative subject concord + -kushukuru
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nashukuru) Singular Plural 1st person ninashukuru/nashukuru tunashukuru 2nd person unashukuru mnashukuru 3rd person m-wa(I/II) anashukuru wanashukuru other classes positive subject concord + -nashukuru
Negative present (negative subject concord + -shukuru) Singular Plural 1st person sishukuru hatushukuru 2nd person hushukuru hamshukuru 3rd person m-wa(I/II) hashukuru hawashukuru other classes negative subject concord + -shukuru
Positive future positive subject concord + -tashukuru Negative future negative subject concord + -tashukuru
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -shukuru) Singular Plural 1st person nishukuru tushukuru 2nd person ushukuru mshukuru 3rd person m-wa(I/II) ashukuru washukuru other classes positive subject concord + -shukuru
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sishukuru Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngeshukuru Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singeshukuru Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalishukuru Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalishukuru
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -ashukuru) Singular Plural 1st person nashukuru twashukuru 2nd person washukuru mwashukuru 3rd person m-wa(I/II) ashukuru washukuru m-mi(III/IV) washukuru yashukuru ji-ma(V/VI) lashukuru yashukuru ki-vi(VII/VIII) chashukuru vyashukuru n(IX/X) yashukuru zashukuru u(XI) washukuru see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) kwashukuru pa(XVI) pashukuru mu(XVIII) mwashukuru
Perfect positive subject concord + -meshukuru "Already" positive subject concord + -meshashukuru "Not yet" negative subject concord + -jashukuru "If/When" positive subject concord + -kishukuru "If not" positive subject concord + -siposhukuru Consecutive kashukuru / positive subject concord + -kashukuru Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kashukuru
Object concord (indicative positive) Singular Plural 1st person -nishukuru -tushukuru 2nd person -kushukuru -washukuru/-kushukuruni/-washukuruni 3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mshukuru -washukuru m-mi(III/IV) -ushukuru -ishukuru ji-ma(V/VI) -lishukuru -yashukuru ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kishukuru -vishukuru n(IX/X) -ishukuru -zishukuru u(XI) -ushukuru see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kushukuru pa(XVI) -pashukuru mu(XVIII) -mushukuru Reflexive -jishukuru
Relative forms General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -shukuru- + relative marker) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -shukuruye -shukuruo m-mi(III/IV) -shukuruo -shukuruyo ji-ma(V/VI) -shukurulo -shukuruyo ki-vi(VII/VIII) -shukurucho -shukuruvyo n(IX/X) -shukuruyo -shukuruzo u(XI) -shukuruo see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -shukuruko pa(XVI) -shukurupo mu(XVIII) -shukurumo Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -shukuru) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -yeshukuru -oshukuru m-mi(III/IV) -oshukuru -yoshukuru ji-ma(V/VI) -loshukuru -yoshukuru ki-vi(VII/VIII) -choshukuru -vyoshukuru n(IX/X) -yoshukuru -zoshukuru u(XI) -oshukuru see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -koshukuru pa(XVI) -poshukuru mu(XVIII) -moshukuru
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Derived terms

• Nominal derivations:
  • ushukuru (“gratitude, thanks”)

Related terms

• shukrani