ání

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Etymology

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ʼá- (thus) + -di- (oral) + -∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -∅- (classifier)-ní (neuter imperfective stem of root -NIID, “to say”).

Verb

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ání

  1. he/she says thus, he/she says as follows
    Mąʼii ání “doo shił bééhózin da”.The coyote says, “I donʼt know”.
  2. (with bíká) he/she calls him/her, he/she gets his/her attention
    Bíká ádíshní.Iʼm calling him.
    Yíká ání.Heʼs calling him.
  3. denotes sounds produced by animals
    Atʼéés bimósí yázhí ání.The girlʼs little kitten meows/cries.
    Shimá yázhí bidibé ádaaní.My auntʼs sheep bleat.

Usage notes

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This is a neuter verb that uses only the imperfective mode. Other modes are suppleted by the active verb niih, reproduced below for convenience.

Conjugation

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Paradigm: Neuter imperfective (∅), with some irregularities.

NEUTER IMP singular duoplural plural
1st person ádíshní ádiiʼní ádadiiʼní
2nd person ádíní ádóhní ádadohní
3rd person ání ádaaní
4th person ájíní ádajiní
PERFECTIVE singular duoplural plural
1st person ádííniid ádiiʼniid ádadiiʼniid
2nd person ádííníniid ádooniid ádadooniid
3rd person ádííniid ádadííniid
4th person ájidííniid ádazhdííniid
FUTURE singular duoplural plural
1st person ádideeshniił ádidiiʼniił ádadidiiʼniił
2nd person ádidííniił ádidoohniił ádadidoohniił
3rd person ádidooniił ádadidooniił
4th person ádizhdooniił ádazhdidooniił
ITERATIVE singular duoplural plural
1st person áńdíshʼniih áńdiiʼniih áńdadiiʼniih
2nd person áńdíʼniih áńdóhʼniih áńdadohʼniih
3rd person áńdíʼniih áńdadiʼniih
4th person ánízhdíʼniih áńdazhdiʼniih
OPTATIVE singular duoplural plural
1st person ádóshneʼ ádooʼneʼ ádadooʼneʼ
2nd person ádóóneʼ ádoohneʼ ádadoohneʼ́
3rd person ádóneʼ ádadóneʼ
4th person ázhdóneʼ ádazhdóneʼ

See also

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