διαφθείρω

Ancient Greek

Etymology

δια- (dia-) +‎ φθείρω (phtheírō)

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /di.apʰ.tʰěː.rɔː/ → /ði.aɸˈθi.ro/ → /ði.afˈθi.ro/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /di.apʰ.tʰěː.rɔː/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /di.apʰˈtʰi.ro/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ði.aɸˈθi.ro/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ði.afˈθi.ro/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ði.afˈθi.ro/

Verb

διαφθείρω • (diaphtheírō)

1. to destroy
2. lead astray
3. corrupt

Inflection

   Present: δῐᾰφθείρω, δῐᾰφθείρομαι

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	δῐᾰφθείρω	δῐᾰφθείρεις	δῐᾰφθείρει	δῐᾰφθείρετον	δῐᾰφθείρετον	δῐᾰφθείρομεν	δῐᾰφθείρετε	δῐᾰφθείρουσῐ(ν)
	subjunctive	δῐᾰφθείρω	δῐᾰφθείρῃς	δῐᾰφθείρῃ	δῐᾰφθείρητον	δῐᾰφθείρητον	δῐᾰφθείρωμεν	δῐᾰφθείρητε	δῐᾰφθείρωσῐ(ν)
	optative	δῐᾰφθείροιμῐ	δῐᾰφθείροις	δῐᾰφθείροι	δῐᾰφθείροιτον	δῐᾰφθειροίτην	δῐᾰφθείροιμεν	δῐᾰφθείροιτε	δῐᾰφθείροιεν
	imperative		δῐᾰ́φθειρε	δῐᾰφθειρέτω	δῐᾰφθείρετον	δῐᾰφθειρέτων		δῐᾰφθείρετε	δῐᾰφθειρόντων
middle/ passive	indicative	δῐᾰφθείρομαι	δῐᾰφθείρῃ, δῐᾰφθείρει	δῐᾰφθείρεται	δῐᾰφθείρεσθον	δῐᾰφθείρεσθον	δῐᾰφθειρόμεθᾰ	δῐᾰφθείρεσθε	δῐᾰφθείρονται
	subjunctive	δῐᾰφθείρωμαι	δῐᾰφθείρῃ	δῐᾰφθείρηται	δῐᾰφθείρησθον	δῐᾰφθείρησθον	δῐᾰφθειρώμεθᾰ	δῐᾰφθείρησθε	δῐᾰφθείρωνται
	optative	δῐᾰφθειροίμην	δῐᾰφθείροιο	δῐᾰφθείροιτο	δῐᾰφθείροισθον	δῐᾰφθειροίσθην	δῐᾰφθειροίμεθᾰ	δῐᾰφθείροισθε	δῐᾰφθείροιντο
	imperative		δῐᾰφθείρου	δῐᾰφθειρέσθω	δῐᾰφθείρεσθον	δῐᾰφθειρέσθων		δῐᾰφθείρεσθε	δῐᾰφθειρέσθων
		active				middle/passive
infinitive		δῐᾰφθείρειν				δῐᾰφθείρεσθαι
participle	m	δῐᾰφθείρων				δῐᾰφθειρόμενος
	f	δῐᾰφθείρουσᾰ				δῐᾰφθειρομένη
	n	δῐᾰφθεῖρον				δῐᾰφθειρόμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Imperfect: δῐέφθειρον, δῐεφθειρόμην

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	δῐέφθειρον	δῐέφθειρες	δῐέφθειρε(ν)	δῐεφθείρετον	δῐεφθειρέτην	δῐεφθείρομεν	δῐεφθείρετε	δῐέφθειρον
middle/ passive	indicative	δῐεφθειρόμην	δῐεφθείρου	δῐεφθείρετο	δῐεφθείρεσθον	δῐεφθειρέσθην	δῐεφθειρόμεθᾰ	δῐεφθείρεσθε	δῐεφθείροντο
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Imperfect: δῐᾰφθείρεσκον, δῐᾰφθειρεσκόμην (Ionic)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	δῐᾰφθείρεσκον	δῐᾰφθείρεσκες	δῐᾰφθείρεσκε(ν)	δῐᾰφθειρέσκετον	δῐᾰφθειρεσκέτην	δῐᾰφθειρέσκομεν	δῐᾰφθειρέσκετε	δῐᾰφθείρεσκον
middle/ passive	indicative	δῐᾰφθειρεσκόμην	δῐᾰφθειρέσκου	δῐᾰφθειρέσκετο	δῐᾰφθειρέσκεσθον	δῐᾰφθειρεσκέσθην	δῐᾰφθειρεσκόμεθᾰ	δῐᾰφθειρέσκεσθε	δῐᾰφθειρέσκοντο
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Future: δῐᾰφθερέω, δῐᾰφθερέομαι, δῐᾰφθᾰρήσομαι (Uncontracted)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	δῐᾰφθερέω	δῐᾰφθερέεις	δῐᾰφθερέει	δῐᾰφθερέετον	δῐᾰφθερέετον	δῐᾰφθερέομεν	δῐᾰφθερέετε	δῐᾰφθερέουσῐ(ν)
	optative	δῐᾰφθερέοιμῐ	δῐᾰφθερέοις	δῐᾰφθερέοι	δῐᾰφθερέοιτον	δῐᾰφθερεοίτην	δῐᾰφθερέοιμεν	δῐᾰφθερέοιτε	δῐᾰφθερέοιεν
middle	indicative	δῐᾰφθερέομαι	δῐᾰφθερέῃ, δῐᾰφθερέει	δῐᾰφθερέεται	δῐᾰφθερέεσθον	δῐᾰφθερέεσθον	δῐᾰφθερεόμεθᾰ	δῐᾰφθερέεσθε	δῐᾰφθερέονται
	optative	δῐᾰφθερεοίμην	δῐᾰφθερέοιο	δῐᾰφθερέοιτο	δῐᾰφθερέοισθον	δῐᾰφθερεοίσθην	δῐᾰφθερεοίμεθᾰ	δῐᾰφθερέοισθε	δῐᾰφθερέοιντο
passive	indicative	δῐᾰφθᾰρήσομαι	δῐᾰφθᾰρήσῃ	δῐᾰφθᾰρήσεται	δῐᾰφθᾰρήσεσθον	δῐᾰφθᾰρήσεσθον	δῐᾰφθᾰρησόμεθᾰ	δῐᾰφθᾰρήσεσθε	δῐᾰφθᾰρήσονται
	optative	δῐᾰφθᾰρησοίμην	δῐᾰφθᾰρήσοιο	δῐᾰφθᾰρήσοιτο	δῐᾰφθᾰρήσοισθον	δῐᾰφθᾰρησοίσθην	δῐᾰφθᾰρησοίμεθᾰ	δῐᾰφθᾰρήσοισθε	δῐᾰφθᾰρήσοιντο
		active			middle		passive
infinitive		δῐᾰφθερέειν			δῐᾰφθερέεσθαι		δῐᾰφθᾰρήσεσθαι
participle	m	δῐᾰφθερέων			δῐᾰφθερεόμενος		δῐᾰφθᾰρησόμενος
	f	δῐᾰφθερέουσᾰ			δῐᾰφθερεομένη		δῐᾰφθᾰρησομένη
	n	δῐᾰφθερέον			δῐᾰφθερεόμενον		δῐᾰφθᾰρησόμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Future: δῐᾰφθερῶ, δῐᾰφθεροῦμαι, δῐᾰφθᾰρήσομαι (Contracted)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	δῐᾰφθερῶ	δῐᾰφθερεῖς	δῐᾰφθερεῖ	δῐᾰφθερεῖτον	δῐᾰφθερεῖτον	δῐᾰφθεροῦμεν	δῐᾰφθερεῖτε	δῐᾰφθεροῦσῐ(ν)
	optative	δῐᾰφθεροίην, δῐᾰφθεροῖμῐ	δῐᾰφθεροίης, δῐᾰφθεροῖς	δῐᾰφθεροίη, δῐᾰφθεροῖ	δῐᾰφθεροῖτον, δῐᾰφθεροίητον	δῐᾰφθεροίτην, δῐᾰφθεροιήτην	δῐᾰφθεροῖμεν, δῐᾰφθεροίημεν	δῐᾰφθεροῖτε, δῐᾰφθεροίητε	δῐᾰφθεροῖεν, δῐᾰφθεροίησᾰν
middle	indicative	δῐᾰφθεροῦμαι	δῐᾰφθερῇ	δῐᾰφθερεῖται	δῐᾰφθερεῖσθον	δῐᾰφθερεῖσθον	δῐᾰφθερούμεθᾰ	δῐᾰφθερεῖσθε	δῐᾰφθεροῦνται
	optative	δῐᾰφθεροίμην	δῐᾰφθεροῖο	δῐᾰφθεροῖτο	δῐᾰφθεροῖσθον	δῐᾰφθεροίσθην	δῐᾰφθεροίμεθᾰ	δῐᾰφθεροῖσθε	δῐᾰφθεροῖντο
passive	indicative	δῐᾰφθᾰρήσομαι	δῐᾰφθᾰρήσῃ	δῐᾰφθᾰρήσεται	δῐᾰφθᾰρήσεσθον	δῐᾰφθᾰρήσεσθον	δῐᾰφθᾰρησόμεθᾰ	δῐᾰφθᾰρήσεσθε	δῐᾰφθᾰρήσονται
	optative	δῐᾰφθᾰρησοίμην	δῐᾰφθᾰρήσοιο	δῐᾰφθᾰρήσοιτο	δῐᾰφθᾰρήσοισθον	δῐᾰφθᾰρησοίσθην	δῐᾰφθᾰρησοίμεθᾰ	δῐᾰφθᾰρήσοισθε	δῐᾰφθᾰρήσοιντο
		active			middle		passive
infinitive		δῐᾰφθερεῖν			δῐᾰφθερεῖσθαι		δῐᾰφθᾰρήσεσθαι
participle	m	δῐᾰφθερῶν			δῐᾰφθερούμενος		δῐᾰφθᾰρησόμενος
	f	δῐᾰφθεροῦσᾰ			δῐᾰφθερουμένη		δῐᾰφθᾰρησομένη
	n	δῐᾰφθεροῦν			δῐᾰφθερούμενον		δῐᾰφθᾰρησόμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Aorist: δῐέφθειρᾰ, δῐεφθειρᾰ́μην, δῐεφθᾰ́ρην

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	δῐέφθειρᾰ	δῐέφθειρᾰς	δῐέφθειρε(ν)	δῐεφθείρᾰτον	δῐεφθειρᾰ́την	δῐεφθείρᾰμεν	δῐεφθείρᾰτε	δῐέφθειρᾰν
	subjunctive	δῐᾰφθείρω	δῐᾰφθείρῃς	δῐᾰφθείρῃ	δῐᾰφθείρητον	δῐᾰφθείρητον	δῐᾰφθείρωμεν	δῐᾰφθείρητε	δῐᾰφθείρωσῐ(ν)
	optative	δῐᾰφθείραιμῐ	δῐᾰφθείρειᾰς, δῐᾰφθείραις	δῐᾰφθείρειε(ν), δῐᾰφθείραι	δῐᾰφθείραιτον	δῐᾰφθειραίτην	δῐᾰφθείραιμεν	δῐᾰφθείραιτε	δῐᾰφθείρειᾰν, δῐᾰφθείραιεν
	imperative		δῐᾰ́φθειρον	δῐᾰφθειρᾰ́τω	δῐᾰφθείρᾰτον	δῐᾰφθειρᾰ́των		δῐᾰφθείρᾰτε	δῐᾰφθειρᾰ́ντων
middle	indicative	δῐεφθειρᾰ́μην	δῐεφθείρω	δῐεφθείρᾰτο	δῐεφθείρᾰσθον	δῐεφθειρᾰ́σθην	δῐεφθειρᾰ́μεθᾰ	δῐεφθείρᾰσθε	δῐεφθείρᾰντο
	subjunctive	δῐᾰφθείρωμαι	δῐᾰφθείρῃ	δῐᾰφθείρηται	δῐᾰφθείρησθον	δῐᾰφθείρησθον	δῐᾰφθειρώμεθᾰ	δῐᾰφθείρησθε	δῐᾰφθείρωνται
	optative	δῐᾰφθειραίμην	δῐᾰφθείραιο	δῐᾰφθείραιτο	δῐᾰφθείραισθον	δῐᾰφθειραίσθην	δῐᾰφθειραίμεθᾰ	δῐᾰφθείραισθε	δῐᾰφθείραιντο
	imperative		δῐᾰ́φθειραι	δῐᾰφθειρᾰ́σθω	δῐᾰφθείρᾰσθον	δῐᾰφθειρᾰ́σθων		δῐᾰφθείρᾰσθε	δῐᾰφθειρᾰ́σθων
passive	indicative	δῐεφθᾰ́ρην	δῐεφθᾰ́ρης	δῐεφθᾰ́ρη	δῐεφθᾰ́ρητον	δῐεφθᾰρήτην	δῐεφθᾰ́ρημεν	δῐεφθᾰ́ρητε	δῐεφθᾰ́ρησᾰν
	subjunctive	δῐᾰφθᾰρῶ	δῐᾰφθᾰρῇς	δῐᾰφθᾰρῇ	δῐᾰφθᾰρῆτον	δῐᾰφθᾰρῆτον	δῐᾰφθᾰρῶμεν	δῐᾰφθᾰρῆτε	δῐᾰφθᾰρῶσῐ(ν)
	optative	δῐᾰφθᾰρείην	δῐᾰφθᾰρείης	δῐᾰφθᾰρείη	δῐᾰφθᾰρεῖτον, δῐᾰφθᾰρείητον	δῐᾰφθᾰρείτην, δῐᾰφθᾰρειήτην	δῐᾰφθᾰρεῖμεν, δῐᾰφθᾰρείημεν	δῐᾰφθᾰρεῖτε, δῐᾰφθᾰρείητε	δῐᾰφθᾰρεῖεν, δῐᾰφθᾰρείησᾰν
	imperative		δῐᾰφθᾰ́ρηθῐ	δῐᾰφθᾰρήτω	δῐᾰφθᾰ́ρητον	δῐᾰφθᾰρήτων		δῐᾰφθᾰ́ρητε	δῐᾰφθᾰρέντων
		active			middle		passive
infinitive		δῐᾰφθεῖραι			δῐᾰφθείρᾰσθαι		δῐᾰφθᾰρῆναι
participle	m	δῐᾰφθείρᾱς			δῐᾰφθειρᾰ́μενος		δῐᾰφθᾰρείς
	f	δῐᾰφθείρᾱσᾰ			δῐᾰφθειρᾰμένη		δῐᾰφθᾰρεῖσᾰ
	n	δῐᾰφθεῖρᾰν			δῐᾰφθειρᾰ́μενον		δῐᾰφθᾰρέν
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Perfect: δῐέφθᾰρκᾰ, δῐέφθᾰρμαι

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	δῐέφθᾰρκᾰ	δῐέφθᾰρκᾰς	δῐέφθᾰρκε(ν)	δῐεφθᾰ́ρκᾰτον	δῐεφθᾰ́ρκᾰτον	δῐεφθᾰ́ρκᾰμεν	δῐεφθᾰ́ρκᾰτε	δῐεφθᾰ́ρκᾱσῐ(ν)
	subjunctive	δῐεφθᾰ́ρκω	δῐεφθᾰ́ρκῃς	δῐεφθᾰ́ρκῃ	δῐεφθᾰ́ρκητον	δῐεφθᾰ́ρκητον	δῐεφθᾰ́ρκωμεν	δῐεφθᾰ́ρκητε	δῐεφθᾰ́ρκωσῐ(ν)
	optative	δῐεφθᾰ́ρκοιμῐ, δῐεφθᾰρκοίην	δῐεφθᾰ́ρκοις, δῐεφθᾰρκοίης	δῐεφθᾰ́ρκοι, δῐεφθᾰρκοίη	δῐεφθᾰ́ρκοιτον	δῐεφθᾰρκοίτην	δῐεφθᾰ́ρκοιμεν	δῐεφθᾰ́ρκοιτε	δῐεφθᾰ́ρκοιεν
	imperative		δῐέφθᾰρκε	δῐεφθᾰρκέτω	δῐεφθᾰ́ρκετον	δῐεφθᾰρκέτων		δῐεφθᾰ́ρκετε	δῐεφθᾰρκόντων
middle/ passive	indicative	δῐέφθᾰρμαι	δῐέφθᾰρσαι	δῐέφθᾰρται	δῐέφθᾰρθον	δῐέφθᾰρθον	δῐεφθᾰ́ρμεθᾰ	δῐέφθᾰρθε	δῐεφθᾰ́ρᾰται
	subjunctive	δῐεφθᾰρμένος ὦ	δῐεφθᾰρμένος ᾖς	δῐεφθᾰρμένος ᾖ	δῐεφθᾰρμένω ἦτον	δῐεφθᾰρμένω ἦτον	δῐεφθᾰρμένοι ὦμεν	δῐεφθᾰρμένοι ἦτε	δῐεφθᾰρμένοι ὦσῐ(ν)
	optative	δῐεφθᾰρμένος εἴην	δῐεφθᾰρμένος εἴης	δῐεφθᾰρμένος εἴη	δῐεφθᾰρμένω εἴητον/εἶτον	δῐεφθᾰρμένω εἰήτην/εἴτην	δῐεφθᾰρμένοι εἴημεν/εἶμεν	δῐεφθᾰρμένοι εἴητε/εἶτε	δῐεφθᾰρμένοι εἴησᾰν/εἶεν
	imperative		δῐέφθᾰρσο	δῐεφθᾰ́ρθω	δῐέφθᾰρθον	δῐεφθᾰ́ρθων		δῐέφθᾰρθε	δῐεφθᾰ́ρθων
		active				middle/passive
infinitive		δῐεφθᾰρκέναι				δῐεφθᾰ́ρθαι
participle	m	δῐεφθᾰρκώς				δῐεφθᾰρμένος
	f	δῐεφθᾰρκυῖᾰ				δῐεφθᾰρμένη
	n	δῐεφθᾰρκός				δῐεφθᾰρμένον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Perfect: δῐέφθορᾰ

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	δῐέφθορᾰ	δῐέφθορᾰς	δῐέφθορε(ν)	δῐεφθόρᾰτον	δῐεφθόρᾰτον	δῐεφθόρᾰμεν	δῐεφθόρᾰτε	δῐεφθόρᾱσῐ(ν)
	subjunctive	δῐεφθόρω	δῐεφθόρῃς	δῐεφθόρῃ	δῐεφθόρητον	δῐεφθόρητον	δῐεφθόρωμεν	δῐεφθόρητε	δῐεφθόρωσῐ(ν)
	optative	δῐεφθόροιμῐ, δῐεφθοροίην	δῐεφθόροις, δῐεφθοροίης	δῐεφθόροι, δῐεφθοροίη	δῐεφθόροιτον	δῐεφθοροίτην	δῐεφθόροιμεν	δῐεφθόροιτε	δῐεφθόροιεν
	imperative		δῐέφθορε	δῐεφθορέτω	δῐεφθόρετον	δῐεφθορέτων		δῐεφθόρετε	δῐεφθορόντων
		active
infinitive		δῐεφθορέναι
participle	m	δῐεφθορώς
	f	δῐεφθορυῖᾰ
	n	δῐεφθορός
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Pluperfect: δῐεφθᾰ́ρκειν, δῐεφθᾰ́ρμην

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	δῐεφθᾰ́ρκειν, δῐεφθᾰ́ρκη	δῐεφθᾰ́ρκεις, δῐεφθᾰ́ρκης	δῐεφθᾰ́ρκει(ν)	δῐεφθᾰ́ρκετον	δῐεφθᾰρκέτην	δῐεφθᾰ́ρκεμεν	δῐεφθᾰ́ρκετε	δῐεφθᾰ́ρκεσᾰν
middle/ passive	indicative	δῐεφθᾰ́ρμην	δῐέφθᾰρσο	δῐέφθᾰρτο	δῐέφθᾰρθον	δῐεφθᾰ́ρθην	δῐεφθᾰ́ρμεθᾰ	δῐέφθᾰρθε	δῐεφθᾰ́ρᾰτο
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Further reading

• “διαφθείρω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press