καρώ

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• κάρον (káron)

Etymology

Frisk derives it from κάρη (kárē, “head”); however, the form in -ώ seems Pre-Greek.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ka.rɔ̌ː/ → /kaˈro/ → /kaˈro/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ka.rɔ̌ː/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /kaˈro/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /kaˈro/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /kaˈro/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /kaˈro/

Proper noun

κᾰρώ • (karṓ) f (genitive κᾰροῦς); third declension

1. caraway (Carum carvi)

Inflection

Third declension of ἡ κᾰρώ; τῆς κᾰροῦς (Attic)

Case / #	Singular
Nominative	ἡ κᾰρώ hē karṓ
Genitive	τῆς κᾰροῦς tês karoûs
Dative	τῇ κᾰροῖ têi karoî
Accusative	τὴν κᾰρώ tḕn karṓ
Vocative	κᾰροῖ karoî
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• καρωτόν (karōtón)

Descendants

*καρυΐα

• → Aramaic:

  Jewish Palestinian Aramaic: כרבייא

  Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: כַרְוָיָא (karwāyā)

  Classical Syriac: ܟܲܪܘܵܝܵܐ (karwāyā), ܟܵܪܘܵܝܵܐ (kārwāyā), ܟܲܪܲܘܵܝܵܐ (karawāyā), ܟܵܪܲܘܵܝܵܐ (kārawāyā)

  • → Arabic: كَرَاوِيَّا (karāwiyyā), كَرَاوِيَة (karāwiya), كَرَوْيَة (karawya), كَرَوْيَاء (karawyāʔ)
    • → Catalan: alcaravia
    • → Medieval Latin: carui, carvi
      • → Old French: carvi (ms. karvy), caroi
        • Middle French: carvi
          • French: carui, carvi
        • → Middle English: carvi, caraway, carewey, carwey
          • English: caraway
          • Scots: carvy
      • → Italian: carvi
      • → Spanish: carvi
    • → Navarro-Aragonese: alcarahueya
    • → Persian: کراویا (karâviyâ)
    • → Old Galician-Portuguese: alcarouvia, alcarovia, alcoravia, alcorouvia
      • Galician: carvea, caravea, cardea, cardén, carveis, carvés, carvesa, alcaravía
      • Portuguese: alcaravia, older also alcarovia
    • → Sicilian: charavia
    • → Spanish: alcaravea, older also alcarovea, alcaravía, alcarovía

    ; meaning water parsnip or parsnip:

    • → Aragonese: cholovía
    • → Catalan: xirivia, dialectally xerevia, xaravia, xerovia, xuruvia
    • → Old French: eschiervies
      • Middle French: eschervis, escherois, escheroys, escherviz, escheruys, eschervis, ciervis, cervis, chervis and many others
        • French: chervis (“skirret”); also girouille (“a kind of carrot”) and girole (“water parsnip”)
    • → Spanish: chirivía, older also cherivía, and now chirivita means “common daisy”
    • → Old Galician-Portuguese: quirivia, alquirivia, quirúvia, chirúvia, alquerivia, cherivia, alcherevia, cherevia, chirivia, alchísera (clearly blended with Latin siser)
      • Galician: charouvía, and chirivía, chereuvía
      • European Portuguese: cherovia
      • Brazilian Portuguese: cherívia

Further reading

• “καρώ”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• καρώ in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette