پرداختن

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Persian

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Etymology

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Inherited from Middle Persian [script needed] (pldʾhtn' /⁠pardāxtan⁠/), from Proto-Iranian *pari- (peri-, around) + *tač- (to flow, run, walk). The former prefix is from Proto-Indo-Iranian *pári, from Proto-Indo-European *péri, while the latter component is from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ták-, from Proto-Indo-European *tekʷ- (to hurry, rush, walk, flow).[1]

The "free" meaning comes from the same root, but with a different prefix (from the same origin), Proto-Iranian *para- (farther, highest), from Proto-Indo-European *pér-o- (distant, beyond).

Pronunciation

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Readings
Classical reading? pardāxtan
Dari reading? pardāxtan
Iranian reading? pardâxtan
Tajik reading? pardoxtan

Verb

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Dari پرداختن
Iranian Persian
Tajik пардохтан

پَرداختَن (pardâxtan) (present stem پَرداز (pardâz))

  1. to spend
    1. to spend money; to pay; to reimburse
    2. to spend (time, effort)
      سه سال را در زندگی در عربستان پرداختم.
      se sâl râ dar zendegi dar arabestân pardâxtam.
      I spent three years living in Saudi Arabia.
      • c. 1260, Saʿdī, “Ghazal 219”, in دیوان سعدی [The Divān of Saʿdī]‎[1]:
        کسی که روی تو دیده‌ست حال من داند
        که هر که دل به تو پرداخت صبر نتواند
        kasē ki rōy-i tu dīda-st hāl-i man dānad
        ki har ki dil ba tu pardāxt sabr na-tawānad
        The man who has seen your face knows my condition,
        For whoever spends his heart on you cannot be patient.
        (Classical Persian transliteration)
  2. (formal, with به) to proceed, to begin, to set oneself (to)
    به آواز خواندن پرداخت.be âvâz xândan pardâxt.He began to sing.
    • c. 1011, Abu'l-Qāsim Firdawsī, “The reign of Gushtāsp”, in شاهنامه [Book of Kings]‎[2]:
      سواران جنگی همی تاختند
      به کالا گرفتن نپرداختند
      sawārān jangē hamē tāxtand
      ba kālā giriftan na-pardāxtand
      The riders were charging for a battle;
      They did not set themselves to taking spoils.
      (Classical Persian romanization)
  3. to polish
  4. to free

Conjugation

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References

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  1. ^ Cheung, Johnny (2007) Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 373