ܐܘܪܚܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Etymology

Root
ܐ ܪ ܚ (ˀ r ḥ)
3 terms

From Aramaic אוּרְחָא (ʾurəḥā), from Proto-Semitic *ʔurḫ-; related to Hebrew אֹרַח (orákh) and Akkadian 𒌫𒄷𒌝 (urḫum).

Pronunciation

• (Standard) IPA^(key): [ʔur.xɑː]

Noun

ܐܘܼܪܚܵܐ • (urḥā) f (plural ܐܘܼܪ̈ܚܵܬ݂ܹܐ (urḥāṯē))

1. (literally) road, way, path

   ܦܘܼܫ ܒܫܲܝܢܵܐ، ܐܲܣܸܡ ܒܵܠܵܐ ܒܐܘܼܪܚܵܐ! ― Goodbye, take care on the road!

   ܟܠܗܹܝܢ ܐܘܼܪ̈ܚܵܬ݂ܹܐ ܟܹܐ ܡܲܒܠܝܼ ܠܪܗ݇ܘܿܡܹܐ. ― klhēn urḥāṯē kē mablī l-rōmē. ― All the roads lead to Rome.

   • Matthew 21:8:

     ܘܪܵܒܵܐ ܡ̣ܢ ܟܸܢܫܹ̈ܐ ܡܫܲܘܝܼ ܗ݇ܘܵܘ ܠܒ݂ܘܼܫܹ̈ܐ ܒܐܘܼܪܚܵܐ، ܘܐ݇ܚܹܪ̈݇ܢܹܐ ܦܵܪܡܝܼ ܗ݇ܘܵܘ ܦܲܥܘܵܢܹ̈ܐ ܡ̣ܢ ܐܝܼܠܵܢܹ̈ܐ ܘܕܵܪܝܼ ܗ݇ܘܵܘ ܒܐܘܼܪܚܵܐ.

     w-rābā min kinšē mšawwī wā lḇūšē b-urḥā, w-ḥēnē pārmī wā paˁwānē min īlānē w-dārī wā b-urḥā.

     And a very great multitude spread their clothes on the road; others cut down branches from the trees and spread them on the road.

   • John 14:6:

     ܥܢܹܐ ܠܹܗ ܐܸܠܘܼ̈ܗܝ ܝܼܫܘܿܥ: «ܐܵܢܵܐ ܝܘܸܢ ܐܘܼܪܚܵܐ ܘܫܪܵܪܵܐ ܘܚܲܝܹ̈ܐ. ܐܵܦ ܚܲܕ݇ ܠܹܐ ܐܵܬ݂ܹܐ ܠܟܸܣ ܒܵܒܵܐ ܐܸܠܵܐ ܒܝܼܝܼ.»

     ˁnē lēh ilūh īšōˁ: “ānā ìwen urḥā w-šrārā w-ḥayyē. āp ḥa lē āṯē l-kis bābā illā bīyī.”

     Jesus said to him, “I am the way, the truth, and the life. No one comes to the Father except through Me.”

2. (figurative) behavior, conduct, manners, way, lifestyle

   ܐܘܼܪܚܵܐ ܕܐܲܠܵܗܵܐ ܛܵܒ݂ܬܵܐ ܡ̣ܢ ܐܘܼܪܚܵܐ ܕܥܵܠܡܵܐ ― urḥā d-allāhā ṭāḇtā min urḥā dˁālmā ― The godly conduct is better than the worldly conduct.

   ܠܵܐ ܡܗܲܠܟ݂ܲܬܝ ܒܐܘܼܪܚܵܐ ܕܚܛܝܼܬ݂ܵܐ ― lā mhalḵat burḥā dḥṭīṯā ― Don’t walk in the way of sin.

   ܟܹܐ ܡܩܲܒܠܸܢ ܐܘܼܪ̈ܚܵܬ݂ܵܗ̇ ܘܓܢܵܗ̈ܘܿܗ̇. ― kē mqablin urḥāṯāh w-gnāhōh. ― I accept her manners and faults.

3. (figurative) journey, manner, mode, technique, method, way

   Synonym: ܕܘܼܒܵܪܵܐ (dubbārā)

   ܠܵܐ ܟܹܐ ܡܲܚܸܒܸܢ ܐܘܼܪܚܵܐ ܕܟܹܐ ܡܡܲܠܸܠ ― lā kē maḥḥibin urḥā d-kē mmallil ― I don’t like the way he speaks.

4. opportunity, room

Inflection

Inflection of ܐܘܼܪܚܵܐ (urḥā)

number	isolated forms		with possessive pronouns
	state	form	person	singular		plural
				m	f
singular	absolute	–	1st person	ܐܘܼܪܚܝܼ (urḥī)		ܐܘܼܪܚܲܢ (urḥan)
	construct	ܐܘܿܪܲܚ (ōraḥ)	2nd person	ܐܘܼܪܚܘܼܟ݂ (urḥūḵ)	ܐܘܼܪܚܵܟ݂ܝ (urḥāḵ)	ܐܘܼܪܚܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (urḥāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܐܘܼܪܚܵܐ (urḥā)	3rd person	ܐܘܼܪܚܹܗ (urḥēh)	ܐܘܼܪܚܵܗ̇ (urḥāh)	ܐܘܼܪܚܗܘܿܢ (urḥhōn)
plural	absolute	–	1st person	ܐܘܼܪ̈ܚܵܬ݂ܝܼ (urḥāṯī)		ܐܘܼܪ̈ܚܵܬ݂ܲܢ (urḥāṯan)
	construct	ܐܘܼܪ̈ܚܵܬ݂ (urḥāṯ)	2nd person	ܐܘܼܪ̈ܚܵܬ݂ܘܼܟ݂ (urḥāṯūḵ)	ܐܘܼܪ̈ܚܵܬ݂ܵܟ݂ܝ (urḥāṯāḵ)	ܐܘܼܪ̈ܚܵܬ݂ܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (urḥāṯāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܐܘܼܪ̈ܚܵܬ݂ܹܐ (urḥāṯē)	3rd person	ܐܘܼܪ̈ܚܵܬ݂ܘܼܗܝ (urḥāṯūh)	ܐܘܼܪ̈ܚܵܬ݂ܘܿܗ̇ (urḥāṯōh)	ܐܘܼܪ̈ܚܵܬ݂ܗܘܿܢ (urḥāṯhōn)

Synonyms

• (most senses): ܫܒ݂ܝܼܠܵܐ (šḇīlā)

Derived terms

• ܒܐܘܿܪܲܚ (b-ōraḥ, “through, via”)
• ܐܘܼܪܚܵܝܵܐ (urḥāyā, “wayfarer”)
• ܐܘܼܪܚܵܐ ܪܹܝܫܵܝܬܵܐ (urḥā rēšāytā, “main road”)
• ܦܪܵܫܬܵܐ ܕܐܘܼܪ̈ܚܵܬܹܐ (prāštā d-urḥātē, “intersection, crossroads”)

Classical Syriac

Alternative forms

• ܐܪܚܐ

Etymology

From Proto-Semitic *ʔurḫ-. Synchronically, from the root ܐ-ܪ-ܚ (ʾ-r-ḥ) related to going or travelling. Compare Hebrew אֹרַח (ʾṓraḥ).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ʔurħɑ(ʔ)]

Noun

ܐܘܪܚܐ • (transliteration needed) f (plural ܐܘܪܚܬܐ)

1. road, way, path, journey, course
2. way, manner, custom
3. precept, law, legal right
4. religion
5. caravan
6. sexual intercourse
7. sum, weight

Inflection

    declension of ܐܘܪܚܐ

state	singular	plural
absolute	ܐܘܪܚ	ܐܘܪܚܢ
construct	ܐܘܪܚ	ܐܘܪܚܬ
emphatic	ܐܘܪܚܐ	ܐܘܪܚܬܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my)	ܐܘܪܚܝ	ܐܘܪܚܬܝ
2nd m. sg. (your)	ܐܘܪܚܟ	ܐܘܪܚܬܟ
2nd f. sg. (your)	ܐܘܪܚܟܝ	ܐܘܪܚܬܟܝ
3rd m. sg. (his)	ܐܘܪܚܗ	ܐܘܪܚܬܗ
3rd f. sg. (her)	ܐܘܪܚܗ	ܐܘܪܚܬܗ
1st c. pl. (our)	ܐܘܪܚܢ	ܐܘܪܚܬܢ
2nd m. pl. (your)	ܐܘܪܚܟܘܢ	ܐܘܪܚܬܟܘܢ
2nd f. pl. (your)	ܐܘܪܚܟܝܢ	ܐܘܪܚܬܟܝܢ
3rd m. pl. (their)	ܐܘܪܚܗܘܢ	ܐܘܪܚܬܗܘܢ
3rd f. pl. (their)	ܐܘܪܚܗܝܢ	ܐܘܪܚܬܗܝܢ

Derived terms

• ܐܘܪܚܐ ܕܕܝܪܝܘܬܐ
• ܐܘܪܚܐ ܕܢܫܐ
• ܐܘܪܚܐ ܕܓܢܒܐ

References

• “ˀwrḥ”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, p. 19a
• Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, p. 8a
• Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, p. 21b-22a