ܐܝܟ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Etymology

Compare Arabic كَ- (ka-), Hebrew כְּ־ (k'-), Hebrew אֵיךְ (éykh).

Pronunciation

• (Standard) IPA^(key): [ʔajx.]
• (Nineveh Plains) IPA^(key): [ʔɪx.], [x.]
• (Urmia) IPA^(key): [ʔɑx.]

Preposition

ܐܲܝܟ݂ • (ayḵ)

1. like, as, as if, as it were, such as

   ܐܲܝܟ݂ ܪ̈ܲܥܡܹܐ ܝܢܵܐ. ― ayḵ raˁmē ìnā. ― It is like thunder.

   ܡܲܕܟ݂ܸܪ ܐܲܝܟ݂ ܛܘܼܦ̮ܣܵܐ. ― madḵir ayḵ ṭufsā. ― Cite as an example.

2. almost, about, approximately, somewhat

   Synonyms: ܠܩܘܼܼܪܒܵܐ (l-qurbā), ܡܸܩܕ݂ܲܪ (miqḏar)

   ܐܲܝܟ݂ ܦܲܠܓܵܐ ܡܸܢܹܗ. ― ayḵ palgā minnēh. ― About half of it.

   ܐܝܼܬ݂ ܠܝܼ ܐܲܝܟ݂ ܬܠܵܬ݂ܵܐ. ― īṯ lī ayḵ tlāṯā. ― I have almost three.

Usage notes

In many dialects of colloquial Assyrian Neo-Aramaic, its mostly synonymous ܡܐܲܝܟ݂ (mˀayḵ) is more common except in various fixed expressions.

Inflection

Inflection of ܐܲܝܟ݂ (ayḵ)

Base Form			ܐܲܝܟ݂ (ayḵ)
Personal-pronoun including forms	singular		plural
	m	f
1st person	ܐܲܟ݂ܘܵܬܝܼ (aḵwātī)		ܐܲܟ݂ܘܵܬܲܢ (aḵwātan)
2nd person	ܐܲܟ݂ܘܵܬܘܼܟ݂ (aḵwātūḵ)	ܐܲܟ݂ܘܵܬܵܟ݂ܝ (aḵwātāḵ)	ܐܲܟ݂ܘܵܬܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (aḵwātāwḵōn)
3rd person	ܐܲܟ݂ܘܵܬܹܗ (aḵwātēh)	ܐܲܟ݂ܘܵܬܵܗ̇ (aḵwātāh)	ܐܲܟ݂ܘܵܬܗܘܿܢ (aḵwāthōn)

Derived terms

• ܐܲܝܟ݂ ܕܝܼܠܹܗ (ayḵ d-īlēh, “as it is”)
• ܐܲܟ݂ܚ݇ܕ݂ܵܐ (aḵḏā, “simultaneously”, literally “as one”)
• ܐܲܟ݂ܘܵܬ݂ܵܝܵܐ (aḵwāṯāyā, “similar, alike”)
• ܕܵܐܟ݂ܝܼ (dāḵī, “how”)

Classical Syriac

Etymology

Compare Arabic كَ- (ka-), Hebrew כְּ־ (kə-), Hebrew איך ((ʔ)e(j)x).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʔajk/, [ʔɑx]

Preposition

ܐܝܟ • (ʾāḵ)

1. like, as, as if, as it were, such as
2. almost, about, approximately, somewhat

Inflection

Takes type-I suffixes attached to the form ܐܟܘܬ- (ʾaḵwāṯ-).

    declension of ܐܝܟ

1st c. sg. (me)	ܐܟܘܬܝ
2nd m. sg. (you)	ܐܟܘܬܟ
2nd f. sg. (you)	ܐܟܘܬܟܝ
3rd m. sg. (him)	ܐܟܘܬܗ
3rd f. sg. (her)	ܐܟܘܬܗ
1st c. pl. (us)	ܐܟܘܬܢ
2nd m. pl. (you)	ܐܟܘܬܟܘܢ
2nd f. pl. (you)	ܐܟܘܬܟܝܢ
3rd m. pl. (them)	ܐܟܘܬܗܘܢ
3rd f. pl. (them)	ܐܟܘܬܗܝܢ

Derived terms

• ܐܟܘܬܝܐ (ʾaḵwāṯāyā)

References

• “hyk”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 2018-01-20
• “ˀkwt”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 2018-01-20
• Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, pp. 7a, 8b
• Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, pp. 13a, 15b
• Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, pp. 33b, 40b