地中海

Chinese

		earth; ground; field earth; ground; field; place; land; (subor. part. adverbial); ‑ly	sea surrounded by land; Zhonghai
trad. (地中海)		地	中海
simp. #(地中海)		地	中海

Etymology

Calque of Latin Mare Mediterraneum, first attested in the 1602 《坤輿萬國全圖》 (Kunyu Wanguo Quantu) world map.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): Dìzhōnghǎi

  (Zhuyin): ㄉㄧˋ ㄓㄨㄥ ㄏㄞˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): dei⁶ zung¹ hoi²
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): Thi-chûng-hói
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): Tē-tiong-hái

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: Dìzhōnghǎi
    • Zhuyin: ㄉㄧˋ ㄓㄨㄥ ㄏㄞˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: Dìjhonghǎi
    • Wade–Giles: Ti⁴-chung¹-hai³
    • Yale: Dì-jūng-hǎi
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Dihjonghae
    • Palladius: Дичжунхай (Dičžunxaj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ti⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: dei⁶ zung¹ hoi²
    • Yale: deih jūng hói
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dei⁶ dzung¹ hoi²
    • Guangdong Romanization: déi⁶ zung¹ hoi²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tei̯²² t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ hɔːi̯³⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Thi-chûng-hói
    • Hakka Romanization System: ti zung´ hoi`
    • Hagfa Pinyim: ti⁴ zung¹ hoi³
    • Sinological IPA: /tʰi⁵⁵ t͡suŋ²⁴ hoi̯³¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Tē-tiong-hái
    • Tâi-lô: Tē-tiong-hái
    • Phofsit Daibuun: dexdionghae
    • IPA (Xiamen): /te²²⁻²¹ tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² hai⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /te⁴¹⁻²² tiɔŋ³³ hai⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /te²²⁻²¹ tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² hai⁵³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /te³³⁻¹¹ tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hai⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /te³³⁻²¹ tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hai⁴¹/

Proper noun

地中海

1. the Mediterranean Sea (a sea between Europe and Africa)

   • 國中有二大名城，一曰西未利亞，近地中海，為亞墨利加諸舶所聚。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     国中有二大名城，一曰西未利亚，近地中海，为亚墨利加诸舶所聚。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: 1623, Giulio Aleni, 職方外紀)

     Guó zhōng yǒu èr dà míngchéng, yī yuē Xīwèilìyà, jìn Dìzhōnghǎi, wéi Yàmòlìjiā zhū bó suǒ jù. [Pinyin]

     The country [Spain] has two major famous cities. One is Seville, near the Mediterranean Sea, was where all the ships of America gathered.

Derived terms

• 地中海型貧血／地中海型贫血
• 地中海型農業／地中海型农业
• 地中海式農業／地中海式农业
• 地中海貧血／地中海贫血 (dìzhōnghǎi pínxuè)

 

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (地中海):

• → Japanese: 地(ち)中(ちゅう)海(かい) (Chichūkai)
• → Korean: 지중해(地中海) (Jijunghae)
• → Vietnamese: Địa Trung Hải (地中海)

Noun

地中海

1. Alternative term for 陸間海／陆间海 (“mediterranean sea”).
2. (colloquial) crown baldness

Japanese

Kanji in this term
地	中	海
ち Grade: 2	ちゅう Grade: 1	かい Grade: 2
kan’on

Alternative spelling
地中海 (kyūjitai)

Etymology

From Chinese 地中海 (Dìzhōnghǎi).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) ちちゅ​うかい [chìchúꜜùkàì] (Nakadaka – [2])
• IPA^(key): [t͡ɕi̥t͡ɕɨᵝːka̠i]

Proper noun

地(ち)中(ちゅう)海(かい) • (Chichūkai) 

1. the Mediterranean Sea (a sea between Europe and Africa)

Korean

Hanja in this term
地	中	海

Proper noun

地中海 • (Jijunghae) (hangeul 지중해)

1. Hanja form^? of 지중해 (“Mediterranean Sea”).

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
地	中	海

Proper noun

地中海

1. chữ Hán form of Địa Trung Hải (“Mediterranean Sea”).