山葵
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Chinese[edit]
mountain; hill | sunflower | ||
---|---|---|---|
trad. (山葵) | 山 | 葵 | |
simp. #(山葵) | 山 | 葵 |
Etymology[edit]
Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 山葵 (wasabi).
Pronunciation[edit]
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄕㄢ ㄎㄨㄟˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: shankuéi
- Wade–Giles: shan1-kʻuei2
- Yale: shān-kwéi
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shankwei
- Palladius: шанькуй (šanʹkuj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʂän⁵⁵ kʰu̯eɪ̯³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: saan1 kwai4
- Yale: sāan kwàih
- Cantonese Pinyin: saan1 kwai4
- Guangdong Romanization: san1 kuei4
- Sinological IPA (key): /saːn⁵⁵ kʷʰɐi̯²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
Noun[edit]
山葵
Synonyms[edit]
- 芥末 (jièmo), 青芥辣, 日本芥辣, 日式芥辣; (Cantonese) 芥辣; (Hong Kong Cantonese) wasabi; (Taiwanese Hokkien) 哇沙米 (oa-sá-bih)
Japanese[edit]
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
山 | 葵 |
わさび | |
Grade: 1 | Jinmeiyō |
jukujikun |
Etymology[edit]
*/wasapi/ → /wasabi/
First attested in the Honzō Wamyō (918 CE) with this kanji compound and phonetic spelling of 和佐比.
The kanji reflects where the plant was first observed: 山 (yama, “mountains”), and their leaves resembling 葵 (aoi, “hollyhocks”) or 銭葵 (zeniaoi, “mallows”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
- wasabi: the Japanese horseradish (Eutrema japonicum, Wasabia japonica)
- Hypernym: 油菜 (aburana)
- c. 918, Honzō Wamyō:
- 山葵 葉似葵、故名之、生深山、出崔禹 竜珠 実名也、出孟詵 和名和佐比
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- the stem of the wasabi plant, when grated, used as a spice or condiment
Usage notes[edit]
- As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as ワサビ.
- Called 本山葵 (hon wasabi) when needed to distinguish it from the derived terms.
Derived terms[edit]
Derived terms
- さび (sabi, sushi restaurant shortening)
- 山葵色 (wasabi-iro, “wasabi green”)
- 山葵下ろし, 山葵卸し (wasabi-oroshi, “grated wasabi”)
- 山葵醤油 (wasabi-jōyu, “grated wasabi mixed with soy sauce”)
- 山葵澄まし (wasabi-sumashi, “grated wasabi mixed with soy sauce and mirin”)
- 山葵大根 (wasabi daikon), 西洋山葵 (seiyō wasabi), 根山葵 (ne-wasabi), 山山葵 (yama wasabi, “horseradish”)
- 山葵漬, 山葵漬け (wasabi-zuke, “pickled wasabi leaves”)
- 山葵の木 (wasabi-no-ki, “horseradish tree”, Moringa oleifera)
- 山葵餅 (wasabi mochi, “mochi flavored with wasabi”)
- 板山葵 (itawasa)
- 花山葵 (hana wasabi)
- 葉山葵 (ha-wasabi, “wasabi leaves and stems”)
- 本山葵 (hon wasabi, “true wasabi”)
- 百合山葵 (yuri wasabi, “Wasabia tenuis”)
Idioms[edit]
Coordinate terms[edit]
Descendants[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
Categories:
- Chinese terms borrowed from Japanese
- Chinese orthographic borrowings from Japanese
- Chinese terms derived from Japanese
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Chinese nouns
- Mandarin nouns
- Cantonese nouns
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- zh:Condiments
- zh:Spices and herbs
- zh:Crucifers
- Japanese terms spelled with 山
- Japanese terms spelled with 葵
- Japanese terms read with jukujikun
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese nouns
- Japanese terms with multiple readings
- Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji
- Japanese terms spelled with jinmeiyō kanji
- Japanese terms written with two Han script characters
- Japanese terms with quotations
- ja:Condiments
- ja:Crucifers
- ja:Spices and herbs