怜

See also: 憐

怜 U+601C, 怜 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-601C ← 怛 [U+601B] CJK Unified Ideographs 思 → [U+601D]

怜 U+F9AC, 怜 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F9AC ← 嶺 [U+F9AB] CJK Compatibility Ideographs 玲 → [U+F9AD]

Translingual

Han character

怜 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 心人戈戈 (POII), four-corner 9803₇, composition ⿰忄令)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 381, character 3
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10461
• Dae Jaweon: page 709, character 5
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2287, character 4
• Unihan data for U+601C

• Unihan data for U+F9AC

Chinese

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (令) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
令	*ren, *reŋ, *reŋs, *reːŋ, *reːŋs
怜	*riːn, *reːŋ
零	*riːŋ, *reːŋ, *reːŋs
魿	*ɡriŋ, *reːŋ
命	*mreŋs
冷	*raːŋʔ, *reːŋ, *reːŋʔ
跉	*reŋ, *reːŋ
嶺	*reŋʔ
領	*reŋʔ
阾	*reŋʔ, *reːŋ
柃	*reŋʔ, *reːŋ
袊	*reŋʔ
詅	*reŋs, *reːŋ
旍	*ʔsleŋ
舲	*reːŋ
齡	*reːŋ
囹	*reːŋ
鴒	*reːŋ
蛉	*reːŋ
鈴	*reːŋ
苓	*reːŋ
伶	*reːŋ
泠	*reːŋ
瓴	*reːŋ
拎	*reːŋ
刢	*reːŋ
玲	*reːŋ
聆	*reːŋ
竛	*reːŋ
軨	*reːŋ
笭	*reːŋ, *reːŋʔ
翎	*reːŋ
閝	*reːŋ
鹷	*reːŋ
昤	*reːŋ
駖	*reːŋ
彾	*reːŋ
呤	*reːŋ
狑	*reːŋ
秢	*reːŋ
岭	*reːŋ
紷	*reːŋ
砱	*reːŋ
羚	*reːŋ
姈	*reːŋ
蕶	*reːŋ
澪	*reːŋ

Etymology 1

For pronunciation and definitions of 怜 – see 憐 (“to pity; to sympathize; to love tenderly”). (This character is the simplified form of 憐).

Notes: Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore. Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

Etymology 2

trad.		怜
simp. #		怜
alternative forms		㦭／𭝋

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): líng (ling²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄌㄧㄥˊ

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: líng
    • Zhuyin: ㄌㄧㄥˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: líng
    • Wade–Giles: ling²
    • Yale: líng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ling
    • Palladius: лин (lin)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /liŋ³⁵/

---

• Middle Chinese: leng

Rime
Character	怜
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	青 (125)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	郎丁切
Baxter	leng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/leŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/leŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/lɛŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/lɛjŋ/
Li Rong	/leŋ/
Wang Li	/lieŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/lieŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	líng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ling4

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*reːŋ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	怜
Reading #	2/2
No.	8318
Phonetic component	令
Rime group	耕
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	靈
Old Chinese	/*reːŋ/

Definitions

怜

1. Only used in 怜悧.

Etymology 3

trad.		怜
simp. #		怜

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): lǐng (ling³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄌㄧㄥˇ

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: lǐng
    • Zhuyin: ㄌㄧㄥˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: lǐng
    • Wade–Giles: ling³
    • Yale: lǐng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: liing
    • Palladius: лин (lin)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /liŋ²¹⁴/

Definitions

怜

1. to know

References

• Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), C03651

Japanese

Kanji

怜

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

Readings

• Go-on: りょう (ryō)
• Kan-on: れい (rei); れん (ren)
• Kun: あわれむ (awaremu, 怜れむ); さとい (satoi, 怜い)
• Nanori: さとし (satoshi)

Proper noun

怜(さとし) • (Satoshi) 

1. a male given name

怜(れい) • (Rei) 

1. a female given name

Korean

Hanja

怜 • (ryeong>yeong, ryeon>yeon) (hangeul 령>영, 련>연, revised ryeong>yeong, ryeon>yeon, McCune–Reischauer ryŏng>yŏng, ryŏn>yŏn, Yale lyeng>yeng, lyen>yen)

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