鯉
|
Translingual[edit]
Han character[edit]
Stroke order | |||
---|---|---|---|
Stroke order (Japan) | |||
---|---|---|---|
鯉 (Kangxi radical 195, 魚+7, 18 strokes, cangjie input 弓火田土 (NFWG), four-corner 26314, composition ⿰魚里)
References[edit]
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1471, character 17
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 46182
- Dae Jaweon: page 2003, character 34
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4691, character 9
- Unihan data for U+9BC9
Chinese[edit]
trad. | 鯉 | |
---|---|---|
simp. | 鲤 |
Glyph origin[edit]
Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *rɯʔ) : semantic 魚 (“fish”) + phonetic 里 (OC *rɯʔ).
Etymology[edit]
Schuessler (2007) considers connection to Proto-Tai *plaːᴬ (“fish”) to be unlikely.
Norman (2014) compares it to Proto-Kam-Tai *mbləi (“carp”), suggesting that it may be an early loan from Chinese; compare Thai ปลาไน (nai, “common carp”), Lakkia [script needed] (-plai⁴, “carp”).
See the entry 雙鯉魚 for the figurative senses.
Pronunciation[edit]
- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): ni3
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): li3
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): li2
- Northern Min (KCR): dì / lǐ
- Eastern Min (BUC): lī
- Southern Min
- Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): 6li
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): li3
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄌㄧˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: lǐ
- Wade–Giles: li3
- Yale: lǐ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lii
- Palladius: ли (li)
- Sinological IPA (key): /li²¹⁴/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: ni3
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: li
- Sinological IPA (key): /ni⁵³/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: lei5
- Yale: léih
- Cantonese Pinyin: lei5
- Guangdong Romanization: léi5
- Sinological IPA (key): /lei̯¹³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: lei4
- Sinological IPA (key): /lei²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: li3
- Sinological IPA (key): /li²¹³/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: lî
- Hakka Romanization System: li´
- Hagfa Pinyim: li1
- Sinological IPA: /li²⁴/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: li2
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /li⁵³/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: dì / lǐ
- Sinological IPA (key): /ti⁴²/, /li²¹/
- (Jian'ou)
- dì - vernacular;
- lǐ - literary.
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: lī
- Sinological IPA (key): /l̃i³³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese, Hsinchu, Kinmen)
- (Hokkien: Kaohsiung, Tainan, Taichung, Yilan)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lē
- Tâi-lô: lē
- Phofsit Daibuun: le
- IPA (Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan): /le³³/
- (Hokkien: Lukang)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lě
- Tâi-lô: lě
- IPA (Lukang): /le³³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Sanxia, Yilan, Magong)
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tai
- Tâi-lô: tai
- Phofsit Daibuun: day
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /tai⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Jinjiang, Taichung, Hsinchu)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tâi
- Tâi-lô: tâi
- Phofsit Daibuun: daai
- IPA (Jinjiang): /tai²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Lukang)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tǎi
- Tâi-lô: tǎi
- IPA (Lukang): /tai³³/
- Middle Chinese: liX
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*mə-rəʔ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*rɯʔ/
Definitions[edit]
鯉
- carp, especially the common carp (Cyprinus carpio)
- (literary, figuratively) letter; correspondence
- (literary, figuratively) messenger
Synonyms[edit]
Compounds[edit]
- 乘鯉/乘鲤
- 九鯉湖/九鲤湖
- 冰鯉/冰鲤
- 剖鯉/剖鲤
- 孔鯉過庭/孔鲤过庭
- 尺鯉/尺鲤
- 控鯉/控鲤
- 文鯉/文鲤
- 朱砂鯉/朱砂鲤
- 朱鯉/朱鲤
- 江鯉/江鲤
- 炰鱉膾鯉/炰鳖脍鲤
- 烹鯉/烹鲤
- 王字鯉/王字鲤
- 琴高乘鯉/琴高乘鲤
- 素鯉/素鲤
- 臥冰求鯉/卧冰求鲤
- 角鯉/角鲤
- 贈鯉/赠鲤
- 赤鯉/赤鲤
- 赬鯉/赪鲤
- 躍鯉/跃鲤
- 遺鯉/遗鲤
- 錦鯉/锦鲤 (jǐnlǐ)
- 陵鯉/陵鲤
- 雙鯉/双鲤 (shuānglǐ)
- 雙鯉魚/双鲤鱼 (shuānglǐyú)
- 駕鯉/驾鲤
- 騎赤鯉/骑赤鲤
- 鯉子/鲤子
- 鯉對/鲤对
- 鯉庭/鲤庭
- 鯉書/鲤书
- 鯉溪/鲤溪 (Lǐxī)
- 鯉簰/鲤簰
- 鯉素/鲤素
- 鯉腸/鲤肠
- 鯉趨/鲤趋
- 鯉風/鲤风
- 鯉魚/鲤鱼 (lǐyú)
- 鯉魚風/鲤鱼风
- 鯪鯉/鲮鲤 (línglǐ)
- 鰻鯉/鳗鲤
- 鱸鯉/鲈鲤
- 鴻消鯉息/鸿消鲤息
- 黃鯉/黄鲤
- 龍鯉/龙鲤 (lónglǐ)
Japanese[edit]
Kanji[edit]
(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)
Readings[edit]
Compounds[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Kanji in this term |
---|
鯉 |
こい Jinmeiyō |
kun’yomi |
/ko1pi1/ → /kopi/ → /kofi/ → */kowi/ → /koi/
From Old Japanese, attested in the Nihon Shoki.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
鯉 or 鯉 • (koi) ←こひ (kofi) or コヒ (kofi)?
- carp, specifically, the common carp (Cyprinus carpio)
Usage notes[edit]
- As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as コイ.
Synonyms[edit]
- カープ (kāpu)
- こ文字 (komoji, nyōbō kotoba)
Derived terms[edit]
See also[edit]
- 青魚 (aōo, “black carp”)
- 黒鰱 (kokuren, “bighead carp”)
- 鯱, 鯱鉾 (shachihoko)
- 草魚 (sōgyo, “grass carp”)
- 白鰱 (hakuren), 鰱魚 (rengyo, “silver carp”)
- 鮒 (funa, “crucian carp”)
- 腸香 (wataka)
Proper noun[edit]
- a surname
References[edit]
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
Korean[edit]
Hanja[edit]
鯉 • (ri>i) (hangeul 리>이, revised ri>i, McCune–Reischauer ri>i, Yale li>i)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.
Vietnamese[edit]
Han character[edit]
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.
- CJK Unified Ideographs block
- Han script characters
- Translingual lemmas
- Translingual symbols
- Han phono-semantic compounds
- Middle Chinese lemmas
- Old Chinese lemmas
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Sichuanese lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Taishanese lemmas
- Gan lemmas
- Hakka lemmas
- Jin lemmas
- Northern Min lemmas
- Eastern Min lemmas
- Hokkien lemmas
- Teochew lemmas
- Wu lemmas
- Xiang lemmas
- Chinese nouns
- Mandarin nouns
- Sichuanese nouns
- Cantonese nouns
- Taishanese nouns
- Gan nouns
- Hakka nouns
- Jin nouns
- Northern Min nouns
- Eastern Min nouns
- Hokkien nouns
- Teochew nouns
- Wu nouns
- Xiang nouns
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese Han characters
- Chinese literary terms
- Japanese Han characters
- Kanji used for names
- Japanese kanji with goon reading り
- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading り
- Japanese kanji with kun reading こい
- Japanese kanji with historical kun reading こひ
- Japanese terms spelled with 鯉
- Japanese terms read with kun'yomi
- Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese
- Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese nouns
- Japanese terms with multiple readings
- Japanese terms spelled with jinmeiyō kanji
- Japanese terms written with one Han script character
- Japanese single-kanji terms
- Japanese proper nouns
- Japanese surnames
- ja:Cyprinids
- Korean lemmas
- Korean Han characters
- Vietnamese lemmas
- Vietnamese Han characters