๐Œป๐Œฐ๐Œน๐…๐Œฐ

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Gothic

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Etymology

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Ultimately from Latin leล. Saskia Pronk-Tiethoff reconstructed the term in 2013 as *liwa before being aware of its attestation (which was discovered as a genitive plural laiwanฤ“ in the Gothica Bononiensia, first published around that very time), attributing the Slavic forms to a Gothic intermediary based on a hypothetical i-vocalism as she thought would be expected from a Gothic term derived from leล. The form laiwa is not an entirely certain reading due to the poor legibility of the manuscript; the correct reading may still be liwa, but Falluomini (2017) favours the form with -ai-.

Some Gothic given names attested in Latinized form may also contain this term. This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term. this does not look like the regular outcome expected from a direct borrowing of leล

Pronunciation

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Noun

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๐Œป๐Œฐ๐Œน๐…๐Œฐ โ€ข (laiwam

  1. (hapax) lion (animal)
    • 6th century, anonymous author, folio 1 verso (after Falluomini 2017) of the Gothica Bononiensia sermon (referring here to Daniel 6:22, 27):
      ... ๐Œธ๐Œฟ๐Œด๐Œน ๐Œณ๐Œฐ๐Œฝ๐Œน๐Œด๐Œป ๐Œฟ๐ƒ ๐Œฑ[๐Œฐ]๐Œป๐Œพ๐‰๐Œฝ๐Œณ๐Œฐ๐Œฝ๐Œด ๐Œป๐Œฐ๐Œน๐…๐Œฐ๐Œฝ๐Œด ๐Œผ๐Œฟ๐Œฝ๐Œธ๐Œฐ๐Œผ ๐Œผ๐Œฐ๐Œฝ๐…๐Œพ๐Œฐ๐Œฝ๐Œด ๐Œณ๐Œฟ ๐†๐‚๐Œฐ๐ƒ๐Œป๐Œน๐Œฝ๐Œณ๐Œฐ๐Œฝ ๐Œฒ๐Œฐ๐Œฝ๐Œฐ๐ƒ๐Œน๐Œณ๐Œด๐ƒ.
      ... รพuei daniฤ“l us b[a]ljลndanฤ“ laiwanฤ“ munรพam manwjanฤ“ du fraslindan ganasidฤ“s.
      You who saved Daniel from the mouths of roaring lions ready to devour [him]

Declension

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May theoretically have been either masculine or neuter, but as Latin leล and Koine Greek ฮปฮญฯ‰ฮฝ (lรฉลn) are both masculine, the Gothic term is probably masculine as well.

Masculine an-stem
Singular Plural
Nominative ๐Œป๐Œฐ๐Œน๐…๐Œฐ
laiwa
๐Œป๐Œฐ๐Œน๐…๐Œฐ๐Œฝ๐ƒ
laiwans
Vocative ๐Œป๐Œฐ๐Œน๐…๐Œฐ
laiwa
๐Œป๐Œฐ๐Œน๐…๐Œฐ๐Œฝ๐ƒ
laiwans
Accusative ๐Œป๐Œฐ๐Œน๐…๐Œฐ๐Œฝ
laiwan
๐Œป๐Œฐ๐Œน๐…๐Œฐ๐Œฝ๐ƒ
laiwans
Genitive ๐Œป๐Œฐ๐Œน๐…๐Œน๐Œฝ๐ƒ
laiwins
๐Œป๐Œฐ๐Œน๐…๐Œฐ๐Œฝ๐Œด
laiwanฤ“
Dative ๐Œป๐Œฐ๐Œน๐…๐Œน๐Œฝ
laiwin
๐Œป๐Œฐ๐Œน๐…๐Œฐ๐Œผ
laiwam

Hypernyms

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Coordinate terms

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Descendants

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  • โ†’ Proto-Slavic: *lัŒvัŠ (see there for further descendants)

See also

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References

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  • Carla Falluomini, "Zum gotischen Fragment aus Bologna II: Berichtigungen und neue Lesungen", Zeitschrift fรผr deutsches Altertum und Literatur 146.3 (2017) pp. 284-294.
  • Pronk-Tiethoff, Saskia E. (2013) The Germanic loanwords in Proto-Slavic[1], Amsterdam - New York: Rodopi, โ†’ISBN