Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/ak

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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

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Alternative reconstructions

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Etymology

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Uncertain. Possibly from Pre-Germanic *h₁o-ge, demonstrative *h₁e- + emphatic *ge.

Pronunciation

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Conjunction

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*ak

  1. but, however

Descendants

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  • Proto-West Germanic: *ak
    • Old English: ac, ah, oc
    • Old Frisian: *ak, *ok
      • Saterland Frisian: uk
      • West Frisian: ek
    • Old Saxon: ak
    • Old Dutch: *ak, *ok, *oh
      • >? Middle Dutch: och
    • Old High German: oh
  • Gothic: 𐌰𐌺 (ak)

See also

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Further reading

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  • F. Holthausen, German. ak ‘sondern, aber’, in Indogermanische Forschungen (1905), page 458: German. ak 'sondern, aber'. Got. ak, ae. me. afries. as. ac, ahd. oh 'sondern, aber' wird von Brugmann Kurze vgl. Gramm. § 833 fragend aus *akk = *aþ + *ke oder *ko erklärt. Da diese Herleitung lautlich nicht ganz befriedigt [...] ist [...]
  1. ^ Gerhard Köbler gives this form, as does Elmar Seebold's Vergleichendes und etymologisches Wörterbuch der germanischen starken Verben (1970), page 74: "*ak-e 'aber, sondern' HM: gt. ak; ae. ac, ah ++; afr. ak; as. ak H Gn; ahd. oh." However, a final vowel is not present in any descendant.