Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/sturmaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *(s)twerH- (“to rotate, swirl, twirl, move around”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈstur.mɑz/

Noun

*sturmaz m

1. storm

   Synonyms: *skūrō, *hrīþō

Inflection

masculine a-stemDeclension of *sturmaz (masculine a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*sturmaz	*sturmōz, *sturmōs
vocative	*sturm	*sturmōz, *sturmōs
accusative	*sturmą	*sturmanz
genitive	*sturmas, *sturmis	*sturmǫ̂
dative	*sturmai	*sturmamaz
instrumental	*sturmō	*sturmamiz

Derived terms

• *sturmijaną

Related terms

• *sturiz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *sturm
  • Old English: storm, stearm
    • Middle English: storm
      • English: storm
        • → Esperanto: ŝtormo
        • → Irish: stoirm
        • → Scottish Gaelic: stoirm
      • Scots: storm
      • Yola: stharm, starm
  • Old Frisian: *storm
    • Saterland Frisian: Stoarm
    • West Frisian: stoarm
  • Old Saxon: storm
    • Middle Low German: storm
      • German Low German: Storm
      • → Polish: sztorm
  • Old Dutch: *sturm
    • Middle Dutch: storm
      • Dutch: storm
        • Afrikaans: storm
        • Negerhollands: storm
        • → Papiamentu: storm
  • Old High German: sturm
    • Middle High German: sturm
      • German: Sturm
      • Yiddish: שטורעם (shturem)
      • → Polish: szturm
      • → Russian: штурм (šturm)
      • Luxembourgish: Stuerm
      • Hunsrik: Storrem
    • Lombardic: *sturm
      • → Italian: stormo
  • → Vulgar Latin: *estornus, *estorma
    • Old French: estor, estour, estur, estorme, estorn
      • Middle French: estor, estour
      • → Middle English: stour, store, stor
        • English: stour
        • Scots: sture, stour
    • Occitan: estorn
• Old Norse: stormr
  • Icelandic: stormur
  • Faroese: stormur
  • Norwegian: storm (Bokmål), storm (Nynorsk)
  • Old Swedish: stormber
    • Swedish: storm
  • Danish: storm